Holocaust dictionary By: Henry A. Bell: 5a www.holocaust-history.org

Auschwitz - Birkeneau isurvived.org Auschwitz - Birkeneau Auschwitz was a network of concentration and extermination camps built and operated by the Third Reich in Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany during World War II. Auschwitz was a concentration camp, death camp, and forced-labour deployment. It was the largest of the German concentration camps. Its intention was to exterminate and industrialize exploitation. Auschwitz was used for the Nazi regime– biggest stage for mass murder, and it was also used in the “final solution.” Over 1.3 million people died in Auschwitz, around 90 percent of them Jewish. Auschwitz was also the crystallization point of policy of settlement and ‘Germanization.’ Bibliography: Steinbacher, Sybille. Auschwitz A History. New York NY: HarperCollins Publishers Inc., 2005. Print. isurvived.org 

Kristallnacht; the Night of Broken Glass Kristallnact, Crystal Night; also referred to as the Night of Broken Glass was a series of coordinated attacks against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and parts of Austria. Kristallnacht took place from November 7-10, 1938. There were local anti-Jewish riots that broke out leaving the streets covered with broken glass from the windows of Jewish–owned stores, buildings, and synagogues. At least 91 Jews were killed in the attacks, and 30,000 were arrested and incarcerated in concentration camps. Jewish homes, hospitals, and schools were ransacked, as the attackers demolished buildings with sledgehammers. Over 1,000 synagagues were burned and over 7,000 Jewish businesses were destroyed or damaged. Bibliography: Mara, Wil. Kristallnacht. Tarrytown, NY: Marshall Cavendish Corporatation, 2010. Print. princesspana.blogspot.com

Medical Experiment being performed Medical Experiments Medical Experiment being performed During World War II, 200 medical doctors were stationed at concentration camps. They ran experiments on mostly Jews and in some cases, ran experiments on disabled people. Medical experiments on human beings was an accepted practice in medical research. Medical research was not intended for pure research. Experimenting on humans should not have a sole purpose to it, meaning a way it could advance the researcher’s career. The concentration camps contained 200,000 young men and woman who had genetic diseases. About 90,000 mentally and chronically ill people were experimented and killed. Bibliography: Gutman, Israel. “Medical Experiments.” Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. 1990. Print. weimarinflation.wordpress.com 

Nuremberg Laws The Nuremberg Laws On September 15, 1935, Nazis developed a national poilicy for Jews. Religion did not matter to the Nazis, it was race. The Nazis set standards for identifying Jews. The Nuremberg Laws classified people with four German grandparents as “German of Kindred blood,” while people were classified Jews if they had three or four Jewish grandparents. A person with only one or two Jewish grandparents was known as a Mischling. These laws stripped Jews of their German citizenship and prohibited marriage between Jews and other Germans. Bibliography: Altman, Linda. The Jewish Victims of the Holocaust. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Productions, Inc., 2003. Print. theinfounderground.com

Treblinka-extermination camp Treblinka was a German Nazi extermination camp used during World War II. It was built from April 1942–July 1942. It was operational from July 22, 1942-October 19, 1943. The camp was heavily wooded and was well hidden from view. Groups that were taken in included Jews, Poles, tailors, shoemakers, and carpenters. An estimate number of deaths at Treblinka ranged from 780,000–1,200,000. They died or was killed from gas chambers, disease, or starvation. Bibliography: Smelser, Ronald. Treblinka. New York, NY: Macmillian Reference USA, 2001. Print. www.deathcamps.org

Zyklon B Zyklon B abcwwii.wordpress.com Zyklon B was a poisonous gas used during the Holocaust. It was more scientifically known as Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN); a highly poisonous cyanic gas. Zyklon B was orginally used as a insecticide but was later used on humans. The poisonous gas was manufactured and supplied by Degesch people. Zyklon B was used in the Euthanasia Program and was later used in extermination camps such as Auschwitz. It was also used in Hitler’s “final solution.” Hitler looked for different types of poisonous gases and came across Zyklon B. He tried to use it for genocide against the Jews. Bibliography: Smelser, Robert. Learning About the Holocaust. New York, NY: Macmillian Reference USA, 2001. Print. abcwwii.wordpress.com