1. Take notes on underlined topics
The holocaust
Take notes on underlined topics

2. What was the Holocaust?
The Holocaust was the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of roughly 11 million people (~6 million Jews) by the Nazi regime.
The Nazis believed:
Germans were “racially superior”
Jews were a threat to the purity of their community.
They targeted other groups as well – Romani, people with disabilities, gay people, some of the Slavic peoples, Socialists, etc.

3. Direct Impacts
1933: Jewish population of Europe was over 9 million people
1945: the Germans killed almost 2 out every 3 Jewish people in Europe

4. Beginnings of the Holocaust (“The Final Solution”)
‘Enabling Laws’ used to begin attacks on the Jews
Suspended the civil rights of Jewish people
Established a large propaganda campaign to reinforce his power and dehumanize the Jewish people
Video

5. First Laws of Persecution
From , more than 400 decrees and regulations that restricted all aspects of Jews public and private lives
First set of laws: Limited their participation in public (civil service, education)
Second laws: Economic restrictions (business licenses, etc.)

6. Nuremburg Laws Excluded German Jews from Reich citizenship
Prohibited them from marrying or having relationships with Germans
Stripped them of the right to vote
Jewish people wouldn’t be treated in hospitals
Defined anyone who had three or four Jewish grandparents as a Jew

7. Kristallnacht November 9-10, 1938 The “Night of Broken Glass”
Rioters attacked Jewish businesses, homes and synagogues throughout Germany
Coordinated campaign
Destroyed 267 synagogues, 7,500 Jewish businesses, as well as homes, cemeteries, etc.

8. Dehumanization & Isolation
After Kristallnacht, Germans stepped up isolation and persecution of Jews
Barred from public schools, cinemas, theaters, sports
Jewish men and women bearing first names of "non-Jewish" origin had to add "Israel" and "Sara," to their given names
Forced to carry identity cards

9. Isolation – Jewish Ghettos
Small areas w/in a city where Germans forced Jewish people to live
Trapped by walls or barbed wire
Attempt to segregate Jewish people
Used as a holding place until they could get the concentration camps read
Conditions were bad – not enough food, disease, infection, etc. (allowed average of 300 calories a day)
500,000 Jews in the Warsaw ghetto – 45,000 died

11. The “Final Solution” Mass execution of “sub-human” groups
SS Death Squads, Concentration Camps, Extermination Camps

12. Concentration Camps
Control & terrorize the Jewish population of Europe
Children executed for being unable to work
Prisoners starved, tortured, worked to death or killed
Camps accessible by transportation but isolated

13. Slave laborers at Buchenwald

15. Medical Experiments
German doctors conducted experiments on those in concentration camps
Military experiments (testing reactions to altitude), testing drugs, experiments to see how “races” differed
These experiments did not yield any useful advances

16. Extermination Camps Equipped with gas chambers and ovens
Prisoners would be poisoned with cyanide gas and their bodies would be cremated
Killed an average of 6,000 people a day
Created word ‘euthanasia’ to me killing those deemed unworthy of life
Prisoners were tricked into entering, told they would be given showers

17. Auschwitz Largest concentration camp
Created as a forced labor camp and to execute Jews
Killing zone within the camp, where people were gassed and cremated

18. The Ovens at Dachau

19. Dead Bodies Waiting to be Processed

20. After Germany Falls…
As the Germans knew the war was lost, they sped up gassings of prisoners in camps.
Taken inside a huge glass case in the Auschwitz Museum. This represents one day's collection at the peak of the gassings, about twenty five thousand pairs.

21. US Liberates Allach & Dachau

22. Celebrating Liberation

23. Results of the Holocaust
6 million European Jews killed
About 6 million others killed
Fewer than 4 million European Jews survive