History Standard SS8H10 The student will evaluate key post-World War II developments of Georgia from 1945 to 1970. Analyze the impact of the transformation of agriculture on Georgia's growth. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr., and major league sports, contributed to the growth of Georgia. Discuss the impact of Ellis Arnall

Impact of the transformation of agriculture Several factors caused Georgia’s population to shift from rural to urban areas. destruction of cotton by the boll weevil the “Great Migration” of African Americans to northern cities the movement of both blacks and whites to Georgia’s industrial centers and factories during both World Wars AAA payments to farmers to stop them from growing crops during the Great Depression Major technological changes in agricultural equipment further lessened the need for large numbers of agricultural workers. larger tractors, reapers, and other machinery, combined with better fertilizers that made it easier to grow and process crops with much less man power. Note: Though the rural population in Georgia has decreased from almost 85% in 1900 to less than 25% today, according to the New Georgia Encyclopedia, farming is still the most important part of Georgia’s economy, bringing in $56 billion a year to the state.

Hartsfield & Allen, Jr. William B. Hartsfield Ivan Allen, Jr. Mayor of Atlanta 1937 – 1961 Helped to open Atlanta’s first Airport in 1925 Under his leadership Atlanta tripled in size and grew in population Helped Atlanta public schools (calmly) integrate Began expanding interstate system Mayor of Atlanta 1961 – 1970 Supporter of civil rights for African Americans Had “colored only” signs removed from city hall Brought Professional Sports to Atlanta Braves, Falcons, Hawks Improved cultural arts Civic Center & Arts Center Oversaw building of I-285

Governor Ellis Arnall Served as a member of the General Assembly and State Attorney General Defeated Eugene Talmadge to become Governor Helped to restore accreditation to GA Universities Ended POLL TAX RAISED VOTING AGE TO 18 Lost re-election because he did not support white supremacy Defeated by Eugene Talmadge (who died) Part of the “3 Governors Controversy”