System On Chip

Outline System on Chip System On Chip - Introduction Research Trends PCIe Example Atom N450 System on Chip

System on Chip (SoC) – Introduction DSP ASIC Data, processing, communication integrated into single chip- SoC Memory CPU Interconnect System on Chip

System of Chip Components http://low-powerdesign.com/cadence_karnane.htm Analog Digital Memory Software/ OS Set top box System on Chip

Why System on Chip LCD, TFT display Video camera GPS 802.11 LAN Keypad Compact Flash Camera Radio http://www.c-p-e.be/cypros/ System on Chip

System on Chip Examples Small Systems Electronic Tagging Smart Card System on Chip

System on Chip Examples Micro controller Washing machine microwave System on Chip

System on chip examples Camera Automatic Braking systems http://infocars365.com/category/car-care-tips/page/2 System on Chip

Research Interconnect topologies e.g. bus Hybrid modules, Analog, Digital, ASIP, i.e. integration of mixed signal elements. On chip communication, power, switching delay, performance such as throughput. Hardware software co design for reuse. Mixed Signal (integrated analog blocks such as A to D and D to A converters, phase-locked loops, and adaptive filters.) System on Chip

Traditional architecture Current NOC (arteris.com) System on Chip

Interconnect topologies Bus Star Cube Tree Spin System on Chip

PCIe Standard local I/O bus * Allows interconnect speeds upto 10-100 GHz Advantage, Interconnect speed Easy plug and play Processor independent Scalable with grouping lanes 1to 32 How PCI e works? Links are negotiated and configured on power up of processor. Establishes point to point connection with help of a switch. http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/3767 http://computer.howstuffworks.com/pci-express2.htm Device A Device B 1x, 2x, 4x, 8x, 16x, 32x serial data links clk System on Chip

PCI serial and parallel http://computer.howstuffworks.com/pci-express1.htm System on Chip

Intel Atom N450 – Development board Intel® Atom™ Processor N450 with integrated graphics/memory controller, 512KB L2 cache. X4 DMI(Direct Media Interface) interface 667MT/s DDR2 Memory Interface CRT, VGA, Single channel 18-bit LVDS Graphics render core frequency @ 200MHz System on Chip

Development board System on Chip

Architecture and Interface of System on Chip

System Chip – Advantages and Issues Easily reprogrammable, reuse of Intellectual property. Lower chip area, reduce in silicon Low cost Issues On chip routing and timing. Limitations of On chip resources System on Chip

Summary System on chip is about integrated design of complex systems into a single chip. It deals with management of on chip Hardware and Software. The research in this area is about on chip communication, power, performance and resource management within the chip. PCIe is the industry standard bus for plug and play IO devices. Example of SoC: Intel Atom board N450 System on Chip

Modelling and Estimating the Energy Consumption of Embedded Applications and Operating Systems System on Chip

Objective Multi-layer power and energy estimation approach for embedded applications and operating systems. Estimation of energy consumption at various abstractions transistor level gate level Rt level Architecture level instruction level function level application level system level System on Chip

Method Providing power estimates for different sources of power consumption Scheduling Interprocess communication Context switch Peripherals System on Chip

System on Chip

Energy and power overhead of OS timer interrupt IPC Inter process communication Memory access : Model for buffered i/o Self cached i/o System on Chip

Results Energy estimation for MPEG system System on Chip