Day 108: Wilsonian Progressivism at Home and Abroad Baltimore Polytechnic Institute February 21, 2017 A.P. U.S. History Mr. Green

Wilsonian Progressivism Objectives: Students will: State the basic features of Wilson’s moralistic foreign policy, and explain how, despite his intentions, it drew him into intervention in Mexico and elsewhere in Latin America. AP Focus A split in the Republican Party between supporters of Theodore Roosevelt and of President William Howard Taft gives the Democrats’ Woodrow Wilson's victory in the 1912 election. An idealist by nature and experience, President Wilson soon addresses some of the burning concerns of his time: the high protective tariff, the power of the trusts, and banking monopolies. He also uses his rhetorical skills and academic experience to convince the public and Congress that the plight of impoverished and exploited farmers and wage laborers must be addressed.

Chapter Focus Chapter Themes After winning a three-way election, focused on different theories of progressivism, Woodrow Wilson successfully pushed through a sweeping program of domestic economic and social reform in his first term. Wilson’s attempt to promote an idealistic progressive foreign policy failed, as dangerous military involvements threatened Latin America, the North Atlantic, and Europe.

Announcements Mini-Test Tuesday February 27 Presidential Election Charts should be done 1900, 1904, 1908, 1912

Warm-up Discuss the key issues of the pivotal 1912 election and the basic principles of Wilsonian progressivism. Describe how Wilson successfully reformed the “triple wall of privilege.”

Wilsonian Progressivism at High Tide Federal Farm Loan Act of 1916-credit to farmers at low interest rates Warehouse Act of 1916-loans on the security of staple crops Roads and colleges Workingmen’s Compensation Act of 1916 federal civil service employees during times of disability Adamson Act-8hr day for railroad employees on trains in interstate commerce with OT Louis Brandeis-1916, 1st person of Jewish descent on the U.S. Supreme Court

Wilson on Race Accelerated segregation in federal bureaucracy Kept Black leaders out of his office Showed Birth of a Nation at the Whitehouse

New Directions in Foreign Policy Wilson would not support American investors in Latin-America, therefore American bankers withdrew a loan to China Repealed Panama Canal Tolls Act of 1912 Jones Act 1916-Philippines territorial status/stable government U.S. Japanese relations strained over CA law Haiti-American troops in 1915 for 19 years to protect U.S. interests/lives Dominican Republic-1916 for 8 years Virgin Islands-Wilson purchased from Denmark in1917

Moralistic Diplomacy in Mexico 1913-A new revolutionary president murdered and General Victoriano Huerta put in place-Taft ambassador supported Huerta, while Wilson did not chaos caused widespread migration to U.S. Many wanted war with Mexico, included William Randolph Hearst Wilson refused to recognize Huerta government imposed arms embargo, sent ambassador home Wilson allowed arms sales to Carranza and Pancho Villa in 1914 Why? Tampico Incident-April 1914 American sailors arrested at Port of Tampico Port of Veracruz taken by the U.S. and stopped an arms sales from Germany Huerta fell in July 1914, replaced by Carranza Pancho Villa Incidents 16 Americans killed in northern Mexico, pulled off a train Columbus, New Mexico-19 Americans killed Villa wanted war between U.S. and Mexico, WHY? Black Jack Pershing sent to capture Villa

Thunder Across the Seas Explain the Powder Keg in the Balkans-page 738

A Precarious Neutrality Both sides courted the U.S. Britain controlled most transatlantic cables they sent stories of German atrocities 11 million Central Power immigrants in U.S. in 1914 Most Americans anti-German Kaiser Wilhelm II’s arrogance going into Belgium violence in American factories and ports

America Earns Blood Money War pulled American industry out of a recession Morgan loaned 2.3 billion to the Allies Central powers cried fowl, but they were free to trade with the U.S. geography and the Royal Navy stopped trade German subs too new for international law Wilson put in a difficult position Only neutral trading would be allowed Germany torpedoed 90 ships in early 1915 Lusitania-128 Americans, did carry 4200 cases of small arm ammo More ships sunk and Wilson demanded warning before merchant ships-Sussex Pledge

Wilson Wins Reelection in 1916 TR refuses nomination of Progressive Party Republicans nominate Charles Evans Hughes Democrats-Wilson, “He Kept Us Out of War” 277-254 Electoral vote Wilson thought he lost when he went to bed California was in doubt for several days

Homework Study for Chapters 27-30 Test Prepare for 5 question ID Check on Thurs