Suppose today the news reported that the climate is changing drastically and Ice will cover the world tomorrow and we don’t know when it will go away…. What would be a necessity?????

Early Humans Chapter 1 Section 1

Objective Describe the world’s earliest humans and relate their changes from nomadic hunters to farmers.

Vocabulary Archeologist Anthropologist Fossil Artifact Old Stone Age Nomad Technology

EARLY HUMANS Early Humans Archaeologists Anthropologists What we know about the earliest people comes from the things they left behind. Historians tell us that history began about 5500 years ago, when people began to write but because of Archaeologists we know that people lived long before they developed writing systems Archaeologists Hunt for evidence buried in the ground. They dig up and study artifacts. Anthropologists Focus on researching human society. They study how humans developed and how they related to one another.

Fossil vs. Artifact Fossil: traces of plants or animals that have been Artifact: weapons, tools, and other things preserved in a rock. made by humans

Early Humans Who are archaeologists and what do they study? Archaeologists are scientists who hunt for, dig up, and study artifacts.

The Paleolithic Age Old Stone Age Paleolithic Paleolithic times began roughly 2.5 million years ago Spent much of their time hunting and gathering for food, they would travel up to 26 miles a day in search of food They were nomads, or people always on the move. They traveled in bands of about 30 people.

Role of Men and Women in the Old Stone Age They hunted animals They had to learn the habits of the animals and make tools for the kill First they used clubs or drove the animals off the hills. Once they invented spears, traps, and bows and arrows their hunting techniques changed Women They stayed close to the campsite which was near a water source. They looked after the children They searched nearby woods for berries, nuts, and grains.

Early Humans Analyze Why was the ability to make a fire so important? They gave them warmth It lit the darkness It scared away the animals Food cooked over the fire tasted better and was easier to digest

The Ice Age Later in the Stone Age, it began to get colder. From 100,000 B.C.-to about 8,000 B. C. four Ice Ages took place, each lasting tens of thousands of years. Thick sheets of ice covered parts of Europe, America, and Asia Land Bridge: Russia & Alaska People had to adapt by using animal furs and fire to keep warm They had to change their diet & build better shelter.

ICE AGE MAP

PALEOLITHIC AGE Language and Art and Religion Paleolithic people did have a spoken language but not a written language People began to express themselves not only with spoken language, but also in art. They crushed colored rocks to make powders for paint. Pictures were painted on cave walls. No one knows why they painted on the walls, possibly for religious reasons, maybe for good luck

Early Humans How did spoken language help the Paleolithic people? Language made it easier for people to work together and pass on knowledge. What is the problem with not having a written language?

The Invention of Tools Paleolithic people were the first to use technology -tools and methods to help humans perform tasks. They used hard stones called FLINT to make tools. By hitting flint with other hard stones, they could form the stone into very sharp edges. Overtime they became more developed and crafted smaller and sharper tools, such as fishhooks & needles from animal bones. They also made hand axes, hunting spears

Checking for Understanding Question #1 During the Paleolithic Age, people were ________ because the followed the herd or were always on the move. NOMADS

Checking for Understanding Question #2 If an archaeologist was to find a spear used to hunt & slaughter animals during the Paleolithic Age would they have found a fossil or an artifact?? Artifact

Checking for Understanding Question #3 When the Ice Age came in 100,000 b.c. -8000 b.c. how did people have to adapt to the environmental changes? Learn to Tame Fire Changed Diet Animal Furs Sturdier Shelter

Vocabulary New Stone Age Domestication Specialization Copper

Neolithic Age: New Stone Age After the Ice Age ended, people began to change their way of life. They began to domesticate, or tame animals and plants for human use. They would raise the animals in their community. The animals provided milk, meat, and wool. They could be used to transport goods People also learned how to grow food. Gradually farming replaced hunting and gathering.

0tzi the Iceman c. 3300 B.C http://www.classzone.com/cz/books/ms_wh_survey/page_build.htm?id=resources/jsp/starting_with_a_story/starting_with_a_story_ch1

The Farming Revolution Some historians consider the farming revolution the most important event in human history. People in different parts of the world grew different crops. People could now settle in one place. They began to build villages, with permanent homes. Food supplies grew and so did the population. People began to practice specialization, or the development of different kinds of jobs. Pottery, tools, baskets, clothes, hunters, farmers, metal (copper & tin = bronze)

Early Farming 7000–2000 B.C.

Early Humans How did domesticating animals help the Neolithic people? Animals supplied meat, milk, and wool. They also carried goods and pulled carts.

Early Humans Why was farming important to the Neolithic people? Farming allowed people to settle in one place, and it provided a steady food supply. Over thousands of years the farming villages, developed into civilizations or complex societies.

animals, women were responsible for raising children & household tasks Paleolithic Age Neolithic Age Built permanent residences Began farming Made pottery and carved household items out of wood Began to raise and herd animals New Stone Age Hunter-Gathers Nomadic Learned to make fire Cave Paintings Had simple tools and shelter Old Stone Age Men in charge of animals, women were responsible for raising children & household tasks