The New England Colonies Chapter 3 Lesson 2 The New England Colonies

Opener: I see, I think, I wonder

Vocabulary Dissent- To disagree with or oppose an opinion Persecute- to mistreat a person or group on the basis of their beliefs Tolerance- the ability to accept or put up with different views or behaviors

Seeking Religious Freedom Jamestown settlers had come to America in search of wealth The next wave came to America in search of religious freedom

Religion of England England was a Protestant nation since 1534 Broke away from Catholicism and became Anglican (1534) Anglican means English (Church of England) Not everyone was happy with this change Some DISSENTED Who might not be happy with this change?

Those unhappy with Anglican Church Some English who had remained Catholic Others were new forms of Protestant who wanted to reform the Anglican faith Known as Puritans. There are many other forms of Protestantism that will emerge around this time. Presbyterian Lutheran Methodist Baptist Etc

Puritans Why would they have left England for religious reasons? They were persecuted (to mistreat a person or group on the basis of their beliefs) because of their faith In 1620 a group of Pilgrims decided to move to America A Pilgrim is someone who takes a religious journey

Puritans Move to America Puritans received a land grant from the Virginia Company Got permission to settle in Virginia and practice religion freely Boarded a ship called the Mayflower Mayflower drifted off course and ended up in Massachusetts (Cape Cod) rather than their intended destination of Virginia Hence, the name New England

Puritan Culture Tried to adhere to a very strict moral code Strict observance of the Sabbath No "playing, uncivil walking, drinking and travelling from town to town“ No enjoyment on the Sabbath Fined and whipped if caught Enjoyment, while not strictly prohibited, was frowned upon No “idleness,” dancing or gambling allowed at any time Official “snoopers” who would report bad behavior to ministers Tended to be literate (could read) so they could read the bible. Strong emphasis on personal interpretation of the bible

Other views of Puritans Children viewed as property of their parents Children could be whipped for disobeying parents Sons could be legally executed for stubbornness (very very rare) Women viewed as instruments of Satan (no fancy clothes) long hair discouraged Believed in demons, exorcisms and witchcraft

Religious Freedom Did Not Mean Tolerance For the Puritans, religious freedom meant that they were free to worship as their own clergy decree It wasn’t uncommon for those with views different than the—to be banished from their homes. Anne Hutchinson, a Puritan midwife in the 1630s, was banished for reading sermons not approved by the Puritan leadership. Do you think this is hypocritical?

The Mayflower Compact Plymouth was outside the territory of the Virginia Company and its laws. While on the ship, the Puritans signed an agreement called the Mayflower Compact. Organized self governance for the Puritans Key step in the development of representative democratic government.

Native American Help During their first winter in America, almost half the Pilgrims died. (illness, hunger, cold) Come Spring, the Wampanoag tribe taught the Puritans how to farm native crops (pumpkin, beans, corn) and how to hunt and fish Puritans may not have survived if not for their help For a time, the two groups got along Start of Thanksgiving

Review: What was the significance of the Mayflower Compact Established self governance for Puritans in the New England Colonies Key step in the tradition of democratic government in America Review Question- What role did religion play in founding the colonies? Puritans were Christians seeking to reform Anglican Church and escape persecution for their beliefs

New Colonies In 1629, a group of Puritans formed the Massachusetts Bay Company. They Received a royal charter to establish a colony north of Plymouth. Led by John Winthrop, about 900 men and women Settled in what is now Boston

New Colonies During the 1630s, 15000 Puritans, migrated to this area (fleeing from religious persecution) Known as “The Great Migration.” Became democratic (male church goers that owned land could vote.) Strictly enforced their own beliefs Had little tolerance for others’ beliefs

Connecticut and Rhode Island Land better for farming Colonists began settling in 1630s Leader of colony: Minister, John Hooker Founded the town “Hartford” Adopted own constitution “Fundamental Orders of Connecticut” First written Constitution in America Described system of representative government

Rhode Island Founded by Minister Roger Williams Felt that government should not control religion People should be free to practice religion how they want Thought it was wrong for settlers to take land from Native Americans Williams was exiled for this belief but welcomed by the Narraganset (tribe) They sold him land and he founded Providence Had a policy of religious tolerance First place where all faiths could worship freely

Conflict with Native Americans Native Americans traded furs for settlers’ goods, but conflicts arose. Settlers moved onto Native American lands without permission or payment. Competed fiercely for land 1675- Wampanoag leader Metacomet waged war against the New England colonies. Settlers called it King Philip’s War (They called Metacomet King Philip) Natives lost. This allowed settlers to expand into these areas

Closure Write an open ended response as a reflection: “How did religion affect the settlement of colonies in New England?” Use each new vocab word in a sentence describing an aspect of the New England Colonies.