1. CHAPTER 3 LESSON 2 The New England Colonies

2. Religious Freedom Jamestown-wealth Next group-religious freedom For many years, England was Protestant with the Roman Catholic Church. King Henry VIII broke away and formed the Anglican Church. Many dissented (disagreed) and remained Catholic Puritans-wished to reform the Anglican Church Separatists-sought to set up their own churches.

3. Persecution and Fleeing Separatist were persecuted for their beliefs Many fled to the Netherlands Didn’t work out too well Children were loosing their English accents Parents feared English traditions would vanish Too many different religions

4. The Pilgrims Pilgrim-some one who undertakes a religious journey Decided to move to America, the Netherlands were not working as planned Gets a grant from the Virginia Company Intends to settle north of Jamestown Lost at sea Ends up at Cape Cod

5. The Mayflower The pilgrims (102 of them for 2 months) set out for America on the Mayflower. Landed at Cape Cod in November Went on land in December at a place they called Plymouth Outside of the Virginia Company’s territory Led to the development of the Mayflower Compact

6. The Mayflower Compact Developed while still on the boat No form of government without the Virginia Company Drafted a formal document that declared their intent of forming a “civic body politic, for our better ordering and preservation” Signers promised to obey laws for the general good of the colony Pledged loyalty to England Was a big step in forming/establishing a representative government.

7. On Land at Plymouth Out of the 102 pilgrims, 44 survive They encounter illness, hunger, and the cold winter Two Wampanoag Native Americans, Squanto and Samoset, make friends and help the colonist Teach them how to fertilize soil, plant crops (corn, beans, pumpkins), how/where to hunt, and how/where to fish. Lived peacefully due to the good standing relationship developed between the Wampanoag and the colonist.

8. On Land at Plymouth cont Squanto was kidnapped many years before by the English. He was able to translate for the colonist Massasoit, the chief of the Wampanoag signed an alliance that promised their protection from another tribe In return, the Wampanoag helped the colonist for a few years with their food supply. Food supply grew each year with their gained knowledge from the Wampanoag

9. Harvest Festival English tradition Feast every harvest time The first Thanksgiving Many Native Americans joined the surviving pilgrims for the feast

10. The New Colonies

11. Massachusetts Bay Company North of Plymouth John Winthrop was the colony’s governor Settled in Boston 1630s-15,000 Puritans came to Massachusetts to escape religious persecution/hard times. This is known as the Great Migration

12. Massachusetts Bay Company Cont Town meetings to make decisions Women were not included No tolerance for other religions Hangings and/or humiliated for their “wrong doings” Salem Witch Trials, mainly women accused of being witches Theocracy-a government that is based on religious values Lack of tolerance led to people wanting to go/make other colonies.

13. Connecticut West of Boston Minister Thomas Hooker didn’t agree with the ways of Boston Led his congregation to the Connecticut River Valley Founded Hartford More towns established around Hartford, joined to form the colony Connecticut Fundamental Orders of Connecticut- first written form of a constitution

14. Rhode Island Minister Roger Williams, forced out of Massachusetts Found refuge with the Narragansett Natives Sold him land where he formed Providence Didn’t believe the government should force people to worship a certain way Didn’t believe in taking land from the Native Americans He established the first place to worship freely.

15. Conflict Natives liked trading with settlers Didn’t like settlers taking land without permission/pay War b/w the Wampanoag and the New England Colonies Known as King Philip’s War Lasted 14 months Colonists win and continue to expand.