Prelude to the Spanish-American War

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Presentation transcript:

Prelude to the Spanish-American War

Causes for war Jingoism- intense form of nationalism calling for an aggressive foreign policy Specific events combined with nationalistic/imperialistic pressure from the American public led to overwhelming demand for war against Spain

The Cuban revolt Cuban nationalists fought against Spanish colonial rule for decades; tried again 1895 Laid waste to Cuban sugar plantations in hopes of two things: Force Spain to withdraw or pull the U.S. in as an ally Spain sent over 100,00 troops to crush the revolt and sent the Cuban citizens into armed camps Thousands died of starvation and disease

Yellow Journalism Sensationalist reporting that featured bold, often false, headlines of crime, disaster and scandal Printed exaggerated and false accounts of Spanish cruelties in Cuba Many Americans believed what they read in the newspapers- urged Congress and the president to intervene in Cuba

Sinking of the maine February 15, 1898- U.S. battleship Maine was anchored in the harbor in Havana, Cuba The battleship suddenly exploded, killing 260 Americans on board The yellow press accused Spain of blowing up the ship Experts later concluded the explosion was more likely an accident (kitchen fire)

Mckinley’s War message After the sinking of the Maine, President McKinley issued an ultimatum to Spain Demanded it agree to a ceasefire Spain agreed to U.S. demands, but U.S. newspapers and most of Congress still demanded war McKinley gave in to public pressure McKinley eventually sent a war message to Congress, and offered four reasons for why they should intervene on Cuba’s behalf: “Put an end to the barbarities, bloodshed, starvation, and horrible miseries” in Cuba Protect the lives and property of U.S. citizens living in Cuba End “the very serious injury to the commerce, trade, and business of our people” End “the constant menace to our peace” arising from disorder in Cuba

The Teller Amendment In response to McKinley’s war message, Congress also passed the Teller Amendment Declared that the U.S. had no intention of taking political control of Cuba and that, once peace was restored to the island, the Cuban people would control their own government…

? What is the definition of jingoism? What is yellow journalism? Why is the sinking of the Maine relevant to the Spanish-American War? Event though Spain agreed to a U.S. ceasefire, why did McKinley eventually issue a war message? What were the four reasons he gave? What did the Teller Amendment declare?