The Ottoman and Safavid Empires

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Presentation transcript:

The Ottoman and Safavid Empires Chapter 10 Section 5 The Ottoman and Safavid Empires

The Ottoman Empire While the Mughals were ruling India, two other dynasties ruled in the Middle East The Ottomans Turkish-speaking nomads As the Byzantine empire crumbled, Mehmet II captured Constantinople in 1453, makes it the capital Renamed it Istanbul, ruled for 200 years Sultan Suleyman ruled 1520-1566 Modernized the army, invaded Vienna Austria

The Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire Ottoman Culture Society divided into classes Men of the Sword: soldiers Men of the Pen: scientists, lawyers, judges Men of Negotiation: merchants, tax collectors Men of Husbandry: farmers, herders Janizaries Required Christians to send sons to serve government Best soldiers became Janizaries, elite military force “Age of Gun Powder” military advancements w/ cannons & muskets

The Ottoman Empire Under Suleyman, arts thrive Decline of the Ottomans Poetry, painting, architecture Decline of the Ottomans Suleyman dies in 1566 Empire slowly declined Son, Selim II, left officials to govern In 1700s, Europe advances in commerce/technology Ottomans were left behind

The Safavid Empire 1500s Between Mughal India & Ottoman Empire, often involved in warfare Safavid was Shiite, Ottomans were Sunni Their king, Sha Abbas, revived the glory of Persia Used force and diplomacy Allied with Europeans who feared Ottomans Brought Armenians to capital to expand silk trade

The Safavid Empire 1500s Decline of the Empire After Shah Abbas dies, empire begins to decline Shiite scholars challenged authority of rulers Rebels forced last ruler out in 1722 By late 1700s, Qajars take over Iran Make Tehran their capital Ruled until 1925