Objective: Explain why the Industrial Revolution began in England. Chapter 4, Section 1 Notes Objective: Explain why the Industrial Revolution began in England.
What was the Industrial Revolution? A period of great technological and social change which began in England and spread through Europe and the U.S.
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? produced more food
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? produced more food high population growth
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? produced more food high population growth big supply of money for investment
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? produced more food high population growth big supply of money for investment abundance of natural resources (coal and iron)
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? produced more food high population growth big supply of money for investment abundance of natural resources (coal and iron) free and open society
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in England? produced more food high population growth big supply of money for investment abundance of natural resources (coal and iron) free and open society trade with colonies throughout the world
English trade routes (1800s)
What were the technological changes in England? Cotton industry – invention of “flying shuttle” to speed weaving; invention of “spinning jenny” to speed cotton thread production
What were the technological changes in England? Steam engine – improved by James Watt, used steam power to run machines (used coal for energy)
What were the technological changes in England? Railroads – steam powered locomotives improved transportation of people and goods
What were the social changes in England? Better transportation allowed factories to be located almost anywhere
What were the social changes in England? Labor (workers) was needed to keep machines running
What were the social changes in England? Labor (workers) was needed to keep machines running To look for work, people migrated (moved) to cities from rural areas
What were the social changes in England? Labor (workers) was needed to keep machines running To look for work, people migrated (moved) to cities from rural areas Harsh working conditions and child labor were common problems
English Children
Pollution
Industrial Waste