The Nation Divides Chapter 10 Lesson 3

Essential Questions What events caused the United States to break apart? What were Abraham Lincoln’s political views? What event officially started the Civil War?

Key Vocabulary Secede Confederacy Border state Artillery Civil war

Abraham Lincoln Born in Kentucky Learned to read and write with little schooling Lawyer and Congressman from Illinois Joined the Republican Party because he was concerned with the spread of slavery in the west.

Lincoln-Douglas Debate Helped make Lincoln well known for his views on slavery. Lincoln DID NOT originally want to end slavery, but felt it should not spread…

John Brown’s Raid Who: John Brown, an abolitionist Where: a government storehouse with guns in Harpers Ferry, Virginia What: led a raid When: 1859 Why: wanted to give guns to enslaved African-Americans _____________________________________ OUTCOME: Brown was arrested and hanged, but the raid was proof that Northerns wanted to end slavery

New President Abraham Lincoln is elected 16th President of the United States in 1860. Southerners threatened to secede from the Union if he was elected.

The Nation Separates December 1860: SC, AL, FL, GA, LA, MS, and TX seceded from the Union They formed the Confederate States of America, or Confederacy, with their own government!

Jefferson Davis is elected President of the CSA.

Border States DE, MD, KY, MO, (WV-1863) These states permitted slavery, but did not secede from the Union.

Remain United Lincoln hoped to prevent a war. “We are not enemies, but friends,” Lincoln told Southerners after taking the oath of office. “We must not be enemies.” But time was running out.

Fort Sumter The Confederate States of America surrounded Ft. Sumter, a “federal” fort and therefore an illegal presence on South Carolina land. President Lincoln received word that supplies were running out for federal troops. If supplies did not come soon, they would have to surrender the fort to the Confederacy.

A Difficult Decision Lincoln made the decision he thought would be best. He would send supply ships to the fort. Then he waited to see what would happen…

Jefferson’s Response Now Jefferson Davis had to make a decision. He decided to attack the fort before the supply ships arrived. On April 12, 1861, Confederates fired on Fort Sumter.

The Outcome The Result: The Civil War had began. Causalities: 1 (a horse) Fort Sumter belonged to the Confederacy.

DO NOW: WB p. 95-96