Homework # 7 HW # 7: Atoms VS Ions Castle Learning: Time 30 questions/35 minutes (TEST) Due date: 11/5/16 TEST: 11/6/16

Aim #7 : How do you draw a Lewis Structure (Electron Dot Diagram) for an element?

Q. How do you write the chemical symbols for an element? Q . What is a valence electron? Q. Use the periodic table and tell me where are located the metals/ nonmetals?

Q. Which is the first element in group # 1? Li Q. What is the name for group # 2? Q. What is the name for group # 17? Q. What is the name for group # 18?

Noble Gases (now) Why: Kr and Xe Group 1: alkali Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals Group 17: Halogens Group 18: Inert gases (before) Noble Gases (now) Why: Kr and Xe

Q. How many valence electrons does sodium atom have? Q. How many valence electrons does fluorine atom have? Q. How many valence electrons do noble gases have?

1. What is an ion? Metals tend to lose electrons and become positively ions called cations. Example: Na+ Nonmetals tend to gain electrons and become negatively ions called anions. Example: Cl-

Atoms VS Ions Sodium atom Sodium Ion 11Na P = +11 E = - 11 0 Charge of the atom: zero! 11Na+ P = +11 E = - 10 +1 Charge of the ion: +1

Na+ 2-8 P = +11 E = - 10 +1 Charge of the ion: +1 Noble Gases

Atoms VS Ions Cl- Cl Chlorine atom Chloride Ion P = +17 E = - 17 Charge of the atom: zero! Cl- P = +17 E = - 18 -1 Charge of the ion: -1

Cl- 2-8-8 P = +17 E = - 18 -1 Charge of the ion: -1 Noble Gases

Names of Anions Atom Anion Hydrogen Hydride Nitrogen Nitride Oxygen Oxide Fluorine Fluoride Chlorine Chloride Bromine Bromide Iodine Iodide Sulfur Sulfide Phosphorus Phosphide

How can you define a valence electron?

2. Valence Electron 2-8-1 Valence electron: 1 Electrons in the outer shell Example: 11Na 2-8-1 Valence electron: 1

S 2-8-6

How do we find sodium in nature? Why? Na is found in nature as a compound because is very active!

How do we find Fluorine in nature? F is found in nature as a compound because is very active!

3. Lewis Electron Dot Diagrams Notation that draws the outer electrons around the symbol of an element. *X: represent the element!

Why are the valence electrons very important? Outer-shell electrons determine the reactivity and properties of an atom.

4. Steps to draw electron dot diagrams 1. Write the symbol of the element: Na 2. Write the e- configuration.: 2-8-1 3. Select electrons in the outer shell: 1 4. Imagine the symbol being in a box. 5. Place a dot around the symbol for each electron in the outer shell. . Na . Na

Lewis Electron Dot

Group 1:

Group 2

Group 13

Group 14

Group 15

Group 16

Group 17

Group 18

Lewis Electron Dot (RB Page 88) 1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18

Draw the Lewis dots for the following atoms: Si Ne Cl Na O H N P

5. Atomic Radius VS Ionic Radius

Metal Ion: Na+ Atom: Na 2-8 2-8- 1

Nonmetals Ion: Cl - Atom: Cl 2-8-7 2-8-8

Can you define an ionic bond?

END OF THE SHOW!

Regents Question: 06/02 #3 Which compound contains ionic bonds? NO NO2 CaO (4) CO2 Nitrogen – nonmetal Oxygen – nonmetal Calcium – metal Carbon – nonmetal

Regents Question: 08/02 #11 Which formula represents an ionic compound? (1) NaCl (2) N2O (3) HCl (4 )H2O

Regents Question: 06/02 #12 Which species does not have a noble gas electron configuration? Na + (2) Mg 2+ (3) A r (4) S

Regents Question: 08/02 #23 Which electron configuration is correct for a sodium ion? 2–7 (2) 2–8 (3) 2–8–1 (4) 2–8–2

Regents Question: 08/02 #23 Which electron configuration is correct for a sodium ion? 2–7 (2) 2–8 (3) 2–8–1 (4) 2–8–2

Regents Question: 06/03 #11 What is represented by the dots in a Lewis electron-dot diagram of an atom of an element in Period 2 of the Periodic Table? (1) the number of neutrons in the atom (2) the number of protons in the atom (3) the number of valence electrons in the atom (4) the total number of electrons in the atom