Anatomy of a flower anther pollen stamen (male) filament stigma style Carpel/pistil (female) style ovary ovule petal whorl = corolla worksheet questions whorls receptacle sepal whorl = calyx pedicel

Flower formula: (gynoecium = ovary)

Types of flowering plants Monocots - 1 seed leaf (cotyledon) - flower parts in multiples of 3 - leaf veins parallel - leaves originate at base of plant

bamboo Grass Family (Poaceae) Petals absent, cluster of “florets” floret maize rice wheat

ornamental lilies Lily Family (Liliaceae) Regular flower shape Bulb or fleshy root onion

Orchid Family (Orchidaceae) Irregular flowers Dorsal petal highly modified

2. Dicots - 2 seed leaves (cotyledons) flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5 leaf veins branched - tap root

Rose Family (Rosaceae) Regular flower Petals independent Many stamen “stone fruits” peach almond cherry “berries” blackberry strawberry

Legume Family (Fabaceae) Seeds occur in pods Roots have nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Daisy Family (Asteraceae) Dense infloresence of ray and disk flowers Artichoke Sunflower

Nightshade Family (Solanaceae) Flowers regular, 5-parted potato tomato peppers

Cucumber Family (Cucurbitaceae) Climbing herbs with tendrils Inferior ovary squash melons

Some terms used in dichotomous key: Regular/radial flower Irregular/bilateral flower primrose orchid

Fused corolla Separate petals

Stamens attached to elongated tube Malva (e.g., Hibiscus)

Inflorescence – a cluster of flowers

Dense head on a common receptacle, surrounded by bracts (capitulum) bracts ray flowers disc flowers

Inflorescence coilied in a scorpion’s tail or fiddle neck

Inflorescence an umbel

Square stem