Totalitarianism By: Ainura Filzah Jakariah Alicia Su Yun Shan Intan Jamala Kristie Jacqueline Lau Khairun Najwa

Comparison between totalitarianism and authoritarianism Definition Histories Characteristics Examples Comparison between totalitarianism and authoritarianism

Definition A system ruled by an ideology that controls every aspects of the public activities, politics, economic and social.

History The idea of “totalitarianism” was first formulated by Giovanni Amendola. The word “totalitario” was first used by a philosopher name “Giovanni Gentile, in 1925, druing the earlier years of Italian Fascist rule. He describes totalitarianism as a society in which national ideologies influence if not control, over people.

Countries and people using Totalitarianism Benito Mussolini in Italy  Fascism in Italy Adolf Hitler in German  Nazism in German North Korea

Fascism in Italy Fascism - Fascism is a set of right-wing political beliefs that includes strong control of society and the economy by the state, a powerful role for the armed forces, and the stopping of political opposition. The ideology of “totalitarianism” was used by Benito Mussolini, an Italian dictator. According to him, this system politicizes everything spiritual and human. Mussolini never created an exclusive ideology. Fascism occurs because the previous parliamentary regime could not solve the perplexing problems arose from the First World War.

Nazism in Germany Adolf Hitler won the seats in Reichstag election and became the president. He wanted to control the social life of the German people. He persecuted Jews and Christians. He re-organize the economic But he committed suicide after he lost the battle in World War II.

Totalitarianism in today’s world North Korea North Korean are subjected to propaganda and education surrounding, the communist regime, the government employs. From 3 months of age, children are placed in day care center where the teachings begin. They learn about communism policies, revolution and political ideology.

Turkmenistan It is a single party system President is both head of state and head of government Turkmenbashi, the president controls everything in this country. Every people of Turkmenistan must learn the Ruhnama, the president’s spiritual guide for the people of Turkmenistan

Characteristics A system of rule driven by an ideology A system of terroristic police control Strict government control of the media Cultural, political and artistic expression among populace are curtailed. Central control and direction of the entire economy. The elimination of oppositionists A single mass party, hierarchically organised

Comparison between totalitarianism and authoritarianism Charisma High Low Role conception Leader as function Leader as individual Ends of power Public Private Corruption Official ideology Yes No Limited pluralism Legitimacy