1. IF WWI was the “war to end all wars,” what was WWII
IF WWI was the “war to end all wars,” what was WWII? ~60 million people were killed in WWII
which was over 3% of the 1939 world population (est. 2 billion). The tables below
16 million killed WWI 37 million casaulties

2. What caused WWI?
What caused WWII?

3. Who were these men? What do they have in common?
Joseph Stalin
Hideki Tojo
Adolf Hitler
Benito Mussolini
Francisco Franco

4. Totalitarian Regimes Come to Power
The government has control over everything. No differing/outside opinions are permitted.
Leader is a DICTATOR
Only ONE political party is allowed
There are strict gov’t controls
ONLY STATE PRESS
The people have few freedoms
What are the different types of totalitarian regimes?
Communism
Fascism: Militarism, Nazism
Totalitarian Regimes Come in All Shapes and Sizes

6. Joseph Stalin Under Lenin's banner, forward to victory!
Leon trotstky – gave wrong date funeral taken out of pictures
Propaganda – absolute control – got rid of enemies great purge
37=38 1,000 per day shot heat – 20 million labor camps ½ died
Under Lenin's banner, forward to victory!

7. Benito Mussolini We dream of a Roman Italy
Discontent following WWI – king/catholic church – make italy great again
We dream of a Roman Italy

8. Hideki Tojo
Militarism – build up military – become self-sufficient
"With the help of Japan, China, and Manchukuo, the world can be in peace.

9. Adolph Hitler “Hitler is building. Help him. Buy German goods.”
Weimar republic awful
23 tried overthrow munich punsch – mein kamp
29 – 14 – 107 seats reichstag
33’ chancellor – fire – enabling act – 34’ hindenburg dies
GOALS – liebenraum (living space german people); unification of all German people; pure race (herrenvolk); increase population pure Germans
“Hitler is building. Help him. Buy German goods.”

10. Overall Comprehension Questions
What were the similarities among how the totalitarian leaders got into power?
What were the similarities in how they stayed in power? What were the similarities in their goals?
Is it surprising that Japan, Italy, and Germany became partners in World War II?
It is surprising that at one point Germany and the USSR were allies?

11. How do Communists and Fascists Compare?
What separates them:
Economics (gov’t controlled versus private)
Ideology (class versus nation/race)
They hate each other!
Fascism rises because of the fear of communism in some areas.

12. Why do Totalitarian Governments Rise in the 20s and 30s?
Not much of a history of self-government in Europe
authoritarian regimes common throughout European history; militarism common Japan
In times of anger, fear & crisis people look to strong leadership for protection
Europe and Asia are definitely in crisis during the 1920s & 1930s!
WHY?

13. Opposing parties, people, ideas
Anger
Treaty of Versailles
Unites the people
Crisis
Great Depression
Fix the problems
Fear
Opposing parties, people, ideas
Protect the people

14. Hitler’s Supporters Upper Class feared communism Middle Class
strengthen law and order
Lower Class
wanted jobs
Churches
feared communism and atheism
Youth
wanted to be part of the “in” crowd
*The propaganda* and the fear of NOT being part of the party