M/ F Reproduction System Problems Hernia- weak spot in abdominal wall in lowest lateral regions of the abdomen near the top of the scrotum. Surgery is necessary to correct

Sterility Condition in which a person is unable to reproduce. Can be caused by: Mumps Smoking STD’s Exposure to chemicals

Understanding Cancer Cancer is a disease that begins in the cells

How do Normal Cells Convert to Cancer Cells? Understanding cancer begins with examining the inner chamber of the cell known as the nucleus. The nucleus houses the genes. Genes maintain cell function. Think of genes as the computer within the cell which programs the cells to grow, maintain cell functions and die at just the precise moments. Mutation Process

Cell Mutation

Some of the more common sites in the body for cancer to grow are: Lungs Breasts (for women) Colon Prostate gland and testicles (for men)

Cancer of the testes Slight enlargement of one of the testes. It is the most common form of cancer in men under age 35.

Testicular cancer is rare. The age group most affected by testicular cancer is fifteen to thirty-five year olds. Testicular cancer is highly curable if discovered early. Most testicular cancer is detected by the man himself and may present as a painless or uncomfortable lump. The most effective means of early detection is monthly Testicular Self Exam (TSE).

Warning Signs Cancerous lumps are usually found on the sides of the testicle but can also show up on the front Feeling of heaviness in the testicle Testicular pain or dull ache in the groin Mass or lump (may be painless or slightly uncomfortable) Any change in size of one or both testes Sudden collection of fluid or blood in the scrotum Swelling or tenderness elsewhere in the body: groin, breast or neck

What’s NOT a Risk Factor Impact injuries Sexually transmitted diseases

Cancer of the prostate Diagnosed by a doctor- can be treated if localized in the gland and treated early. Surgical removal of the prostate, radiation therapy, hormone therapy are treatments.

Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis, the coiled tubes that connect the testes with the vas deferens. It is usually caused by an infection, such as the sexually transmitted disease chlamydia, and results in pain and swelling next to one of the testicles.

Premenstrual Syndrome -PMS Symptoms include nervous tension, anxiety, irritability, bloating, weight gain, depression, mood swings, and fatigue. Can be treated with hormone therapy.

Toxic Shock Syndrome- TSS Women age 15-19 most frequent victims, risk to women using tampons. Signs of TSS include aching muscles, bloodshot eyes, sore throat, sudden high fever, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, fainting, rash.

Endometriosis Uterine tissue grows outside the uterus, often appearing on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and in the abdominal cavity.

Pelvic Inflammatory disease- PID                         Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a general term that refers to infection of the uterus (womb), fallopian tubes (tubes that carry eggs from the ovaries to the uterus) and other reproductive organs. It is a common and serious complication of some sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), especially chlamydia and gonorrhea. PID can damage the fallopian tubes and tissues in and near the uterus and ovaries. Untreated PID can lead to serious consequences including infertility, ectopic pregnancy (a pregnancy in the fallopian tube or elsewhere outside of the womb), abscess formation, and chronic pelvic pain.

Cervical Cancer The cervix is the lower part of the uterus (womb). The upper part, or body, of the uterus, is where a fetus grows. The cervix connects the body of the uterus to the vagina (birth canal). Most cervical cancers start where these 2 parts meet. Cancer of the cervix (also known as cervical cancer) begins in the lining of the cervix. Cervical cancers do not form suddenly. Normal cervical cells gradually develop pre-cancerous changes that turn into cancer.

Male Diagram

Female Diagram