Lock Out / Tag Out The Control of Hazardous Energy OSHA Standard 1910.147 Bobby Galinsky QHSE Instructor

Class Objectives OSHA requirements Responsibilities of: Employer Authorized Employee Affected Employee  Lockout/tagout procedures

What Is Lockout/Tagout? Referred to as LO/TO Blocks flow of energy from power source to the equipment Provides means of warning (tag)

Why use LO/TO procedures? Prevent energy from accidentally being released Includes during: Repairs Renovations Modifications Adjustments Maintenance

“Fatal Five” Injury causes: Failure to stop equipment Failure to disconnect power source Failure to dissipate residual energy Accidental restarting Failure to clear work areas before restarting

Regulatory Requirements Employers: Develop a written program for energy control. Provide employee training. Identify authorized affected employees.

Authorized Employee A person who locks or tags out equipment in order to perform servicing or maintenance. Is trained to use LO/TO.

Authorized Employee Responsibilities: Test equipment – dissipate residual energy Place a LO/TO device Ensure energy sources locked out Repair/service equipment

Authorized Employee Ensure repairs are complete. Remove locks and/or tags following completion of work. Coordinate multi-shift repair when necessary.

Affected employee An employee whose job requires them to operate or use a machine or equipment on which servicing or maintenance is being performed under lockout or tagout. Whose job requires them to work in an area in which such servicing or maintenance is being performed.

Affected employee Responsibilities: Notify maintenance for repairs/adjustments. Leave all LO/TO devices in place. Verify equipment is safe to operate after LO/TO. Follow safety rules while operating equipment.

Employee Training General Requirements:  Training for all employees where energy control procedures are used. Training will ensure: Purpose/function knowledge/skills to apply, use and remove

Employee Training Authorized Employees: Must receive training in: the recognition of applicable hazardous energy sources, the type(s) and magnitude of the energy available in the workplace, the methods and means necessary for energy isolation and control, and the means of verification of control.

Employee Training Affected Employees: Use of the Lo/To policy, and consequences of violations. All other employees shall be instructed about the prohibition relating to attempts to restart or re-energize LO/TO machines or equipment .

RETRAINING Required when: Change in Job Assignment Change in Machines, Equipment or Processes Change in Energy Control Procedures Close-Call Event Failure in the Procedures Reason to Doubt Employee Proficiency

Lockout / Tagout Rules Ensures that the equipment being controlled cannot be re-energized until the locking device is removed. Only authorized employees will attach lockout/tagout devices. Must be able to identify user. REMEMBER: Locks & tags do not DE-ENERGIZE equipment. Attach them only after machinery or equipment has been isolated from its energy source.

Lockout /Tagout Difference Lockout is a more appropriate means of ensuring de-energization of equipment than tagout. Why? If an energy-isolating device can’t be locked out, tagout may be used. if it can be demonstrated that it will offer equivalent protection to that offered by lockout. You May See Different Colored Locks..

Lockout device A device that utilizes a positive means such as a single keyed lock, to hold an energy isolating device in the safe or off position and prevents the energizing of a equipment Combination locks should not be used REASON: More than one person might know combination

Lockout device Locks Blocks Chains Multilock hasps Wheel valve covers Ball valve covers Wall switch lockouts Plug lockouts Fuse lockouts

Lockout/Tagout Example Single Multiple

Tagout When only a tag is used because equipment cannot be locked out, the following steps must be taken: Removing an isolating circuit element (fuses) Block machine (control switch) Opening an extra disconnecting device Other means of isolation

Tagout Tags must be placed where the lockout device would have been placed If a tag cannot be affixed to the energy isolating device, it will be located as close as safely possible to the device so that the tag is obvious to anyone attempting to operate the device. Legend such as: Do not start Do not open Do not close Do not energize Do not operate

Tagout “Why” “Who” Date Required Tag Info Minimum information: Bobby Galinsky Date Scheduled Maintenance July 23, 2013

Tagout They must be: Durable Standardized Substantial Identifiable

Isolating the ENERGY Energy is movement or the possibility of movement. Whether the power switch is on or off, energy of some sort is always present in any powered equipment. 2 Types Kinetic – in motion Potential - stored

Example of extensive LO/TO De-energizing equipment Procedure for Generator LO/TO for repair De-energizing equipment Turn off and lock out engine control handle. Disconnect battery cart to prevent accidental starting

Example of extensive LO/TO Bleeding off residual energy Discharge voltage to ground in vacuum breaker to prevent electrocution. Discharge remaining voltage under front cover

ENGINEERING Examples of protective engineering Mechanical guards Electrical disconnects Mechanical stops, such as pins and valves Engineering lockouts, (automatic protection against human error) Any engineering safety feature can be defeated Never bypass an engineering lockout or let a co-worker do so. Never rely blindly on engineering safety features.

Removing LO/TO devices: Only authorized employee who applied the device may remove it. Exception - Authorized employee not at facility. - reasonable efforts made to inform of device removal. - written procedure in place to remove. - Under direction of supervisor.

ENFORCEMENT Necessary to ensure workers do their part in protecting their own safety. Conduct inspection yearly to ensure energy control procedures are being carried out. Make known what the penalties for failure to follow a company's written procedures.

OSHA Seven-Step Procedure Prepare for shutdown – inform personnel Shut down equipment Isolate equipment Apply the LO/TO devices Control stored energy Verify isolation Equipment – try to start Removal of locks

Individual use of Locks & Tags Use only those issued to you. Never use another workers lock or tag. Ask your supervisor for additional LO/TO supplies. NO ONE is allowed to place a single lock to protect an entire crew, unless it is used in a group control process.

CONTRACT EMPLOYEES Must use host facilities LO/TO procedures. Assign a “Lockout/Tagout Coordinator” Use a “control” lock The control lock is the first applied, and the last removed. Always be alert to new types of locks & tags being used for LO/TO

Removal of Lockout/Tagout Devices Clear tools, materials and personnel Remove lockout/tagout devices Authorized employees energize & test equipment before use.

Group Lockout or Tagout When servicing and/or maintenance is performed by a crew, craft, department or other group, they shall utilize a procedure which affords the employees a level of protection equivalent to that provided by the implementation of a personal lockout or tagout device Primary responsibility is vested in an authorized employee for a set number of employees working under the protection of a group lockout or tagout device (such as an operations lock).

Group Lockout or Tagout Each authorized employee shall affix a personal lockout or tagout device to the group lockout device, group lockbox, or comparable mechanism when he or she begins work, and shall remove those devices when he or she stops working on the machine or equipment being serviced or maintained.

For Shift or Personnel Changes Specific procedures must ensure the continuity of lockout or tagout protection during shift or personnel changes.

LO/TO NOT REQUIRED WHEN:  No potential for stored, residual or re-accumulation of energy after shut down.  A single energy source readily identified.  The isolation and locking out of that energy source will completely de-energize/deactivate.  The machine or equipment is isolated from that energy source and locked out during servicing or maintenance.

LO/TO NOT REQUIRED WHEN: A single lockout device will achieve a locked-out condition;  The lockout device is under the exclusive control of the authorized employee performing the servicing or maintenance;  The service or maintenance does not create hazards for other employees;  The employer in utilizing the exception, has had no accidents involving the unexpected activation or re-energization of the machine or equipment during service or maintenance.

SUMMARY Lockout/tagout means: Control of hazardous energy Lockout/tagout prevents others from energizing equipment while you work on it Lock it, tag it, try it before work Removal of locks and tags Know your lockout/tagout procedures