Essential Question: What are the core beliefs of the Islamic faith? The Rise of Islam Essential Question: What are the core beliefs of the Islamic faith?
The Prophet Muhammad Arabian Peninsula, mostly desert. Oasis- Fertile area in a desert watered by a natural well or spring. Mecca was a busy trade center Linked southern Arabia to Syria and Palestine Mesopotamia to eastern Africa Thriving pilgrimage, or holy journey, center of the Kaaba
The Prophet Muhammad Muhammad was born in Mecca - 570 Bothered by the idol worship Approached by the angel Gabriel, sent to spread the message of strict monotheism Khadija, Muhammad’s wife, becomes the first convert to Islam
The Prophet Muhammad Islam comes from the Arabic word for “submission” (to God’s will) Muslim – one who submits (to God’s will) Allah – Arabic word for “God”
The Prophet Muhammad Islam initially encountered resistance Hijra Forced to flee from Mecca to Medina in 622 Year 1 of the Muslim calendar At Medina, Muhammad gains followers
The Prophet Muhammad 630 – Muhammad returns and conquers Mecca. Destroys the idols in the Kaaba Unites the Arabs under Islam but dies in 632
Teachings of Islam the Five Pillars of Islam Declaration of faith Daily prayer Giving charity to the poor Fasting during Ramadan Hajj – Pilgrimage to Mecca
Teachings of Islam The Quran Sacred word of God as revealed to Muhammad. Guide to life Emphasizes honesty, generosity, and social justice. Final authority on all matters
Teachings of Islam Some Muslims look on jihad as another duty. Struggle in God’s service. Spiritual effort Defense or spread Islam Believed in the spiritual equality of all people
Teachings of Islam Islam is strictly monotheistic. What other religions that we have spoken about are also monotheistic?
Teachings of Islam Muslims profess faith in the same God as that worshiped by Jews and Christians. Saw the Torah and Bible as containing partial revelations from God, with the Quran being the final and complete revelation. Jews and Christians are “People of the Book” – granted religious freedom in early Muslim societies.
Essential Question What are the core beliefs of Islam?
Review Another term for a holy journey is ______________.
Review Muhammad’s journey to Medina in 622 is also known as the ________________.
Review The Holy text of Islam is called _____________.
Review Muslims, Jews, and Christians are all considered _____________________________.
Review List the Five Pillars of Islam.