Richland County Health Department Lesley Thiessen, RN Richland County Health Department Family Planning

Richland County Health Department WHAT WILL BE COVERED TODAY? Recommended screening and habits to stay healthy. Myths and facts about pregnancy prevention. Contraception (birth control) Sexually Transmitted Diseases Lesley Thiessen, RN Richland County Health Department Family Planning

Richland County Health Department Lesley Thiessen, RN Richland County Health Department Family Planning

Moral or religious values Personal beliefs Medical reasons REASONS FOR ABSTAINING FROM SEX Moral or religious values Personal beliefs Medical reasons Not feeling ready for an emotional, intimate relationship Future plans

MALE CONDOM Most common and effective barrier method when used properly Only latex and polyurethane should be used to prevent pregnancy and spread of STD’s/HIV

Depo-Provera Birth control shot given once every three months to prevent pregnancy 94% effective preventing pregnancy No daily pills to remember

Birth Control Pills Pills can be taken to prevent pregnancy Pills are safe and effective when taken properly Pills are over 90% effective Pills DO NOT prevent STD’s

Vaginal Ring (NuvaRing) 90% Effective A new ring is inserted into the vagina each month Does not require a "fitting" by a health care provider, does not require spermicide, can make periods more regular and less painful, no pill to take daily, ability to become pregnant returns quickly when use is stopped. NuvaRing is a flexible plastic (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) ring that releases a low dose of a progestin and an estrogen over 3 weeks.

The Patch 90% effective in preventing pregnancy Will not protect from STDs

DIAPHRAGM 88% effectiveness rate The diaphragm is a flexible rubber cup that is filled with spermicide and self-inserted over the cervix prior to intercourse. The device is left in place several hours after intercourse. The diaphragm is a prescribed device fitted by a health care professional and is more expensive than other barrier methods, such as condoms

WITHDRAWAL Removal of penis from the vagina before ejaculation occurs NOT a sufficient method of birth control by itself Effectiveness rate is 80% (very unpredictable in teens, wide variation) 1 of 5 women practicing withdrawal become pregnant Very difficult for a male to ‘control’

Sponge 76-88% effectiveness The sponge is inserted by the woman into the vagina and covers the cervix blocking sperm from entering the cervix. The sponge also contains a spermicide that kills sperm. It is available without a prescription

INTRAUTERINE DEVICES (IUD) T-shaped object placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy 99% effective Must be inserted by a doctor or nurse practitioner Last 3-12 years The intrauterine device (IUD) shown uses copper as the active contraceptive, others use progesterone in a plastic device. IUDs are very effective at preventing pregnancy (less than 2% chance per year for the progesterone IUD, less than 1% chance per year for the copper IUD). IUDs come with increased risk of ectopic pregnancy and perforation of the uterus and do not protect against sexually transmitted disease. IUDs are prescribed and placed by health care providers.

IMPLANTS Implants are placed in the body filled with a hormone that prevents pregnancy Inserted in a simple 15 minute outpatient procedure Plastic capsules the size of paper matchsticks inserted under the skin in the arm 99.5% effectiveness rate

STERILIZATION Procedure performed on a man or a woman permanently sterilizes Female = Tubal Ligation Male = Vasectomy

Emergency Contraception Emergency contraception pills can reduce the chance of a pregnancy by 90% if taken within 24 hours of unprotected sex! Can be taken up to 120 hours after unprotected sex but will be less effective.

Richland County Health Department Lesley Thiessen, RN Richland County Health Department Family Planning

Richland

The information presented today was meant to help you make an informed decision about sex. If you are not ready to be a parent, abstinence is the ONLY birth control that is 100% effect. If you choose to be sexually active, you should do so responsibly – limit partners, use condoms, get tested for STDs and use birth control. If you need STD testing, pregnancy testing or birth control, call the Richland County Health Department at 433-2207 or talk to a trusted adult. www.cdc.gov

Lesley Thiessen, RN 406–433–2207 lthiessen@richland.org