FUNCTION OF GOVERNMENT

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FUNCTION OF GOVERNMENT

Six Forms of Government Absolute Monarchy (1600s-1700s) Constitutional Monarchy (Saudi Arabia) Parliamentary Democracy (UK, Japan, Canada) Presidential Democracy (US, Mexico, Brazil) Dictatorship (Cuba, Vietnam, N. Korea) Theocracy (Iran, Vatican)

Functions of Government Allocate resources Enhance security Protect the environment Provide public service (education, transportation, cultural amenities) Build community and nation Promote economic efficiency and growth Protect Human rights

Building Community Common identity and sense of community among citizens important Without a unifying factor cleavage can dominate Japan: example of a population that is ethnically homogeneous with shared language, little religious diversity and strong political history; in addition, enjoys relative geographic isolation from neighbors Nigeria: extremely large and diverse population; no common pre-colonial history; sharp religious divisions; 250 ethnic groups; language diversity

Human Rights Negative Rights/Political & Civil Rights Freedom from interference; an entitlement to be left alone (e.g., freedom of expression, privacy rights); Focus on individual liberty and freedom Positive Rights/Welfare Rights Freedom to do or attain something; an entitlement or claim that somebody else do something for you (e.g., the right to an education, the right to medical care)