Welcome! Baltimore Polytechnic Institute November 17, 2010 U.S. History Mr. Green

1. The typical supporter of a political machine was all of the following except A. Poor B. Urban C. A factory worker D. Opposed to immigration 2. Tammany Hall was the name of A. A famous settlement house B. The New York Customs House C. The New York City political machine D. The federal courthouse in New York City 3. An example of patronage would be A. Bribing a government official B. Assassinating a public official C. Saying one thing and doing another D. Appointing a friend to a political position 4. President Garfield was assassinated by a man who wanted A. Patronage B. Lower tariffs C. Higher tariffs D. Civil service reform 5. The term Gilded Age is used to refer to the late 1800’s because it was a period in which A. Glamour hid corruption B. The future seemed bright C. The gold standard was adopted D. Luxury was frowned upon and hard work was encouraged

Agenda/Topics To Be Covered The students will explain the role of political machines and political bosses by describing measures taken by political leaders to reform the spoils system Hand-in: Yesterday’s class-work with homework and Chapter 7 Vocabulary. Warm-up Question: Examine the political cartoon on page 288 and answer the following 1. What does the figure in the cartoon represent? 2. What does the cartoon attempt to show?

Role of the Political Boss Controlled thousands of jobs police, fire, sanitation doled out money Supported immigrants in becoming naturalized, a place to live, and jobs Kickbacks illegal payments Graft submit a bill to the government that is higher than what it cost you and give the difference to the political boss Tweed Ring extorted millions from NYC in sentenced in 1873 to 12 years, escaped and found in Spain

The Emergence of the Political Machine Ch. 7 Sec. 3 pgs. 288-290 Political Machines Run the Cities Baltimore, San Fran, New York, Philadelphia, Boston Political Machine City Boss Ward Boss Local Precinct workers and Captains

Civil Service Replaces Patronage Civil Service was desired over patronage or the giving of jobs to loyal political supporters Rutherford B. Hayes initiated civil service in his only term-fired 2 top customs officials in New York City James Garfield continued reform until his death due to complications from his assassination Chester Arthur becomes president and supports reform-Signs the Pendleton Act which utilized a merit system for federal jobs

Tariffs 1884-Grover Cleveland Attempted to lower tariffs but was defeated 1888-Cleveland lost to Benjamin Harrison Tariffs raised to highest levels 1892-Cleveland again Tariffs lowered without his signature

Independent Work Leader Position Stand Rutherford B. Hayes Roscoe Conkling Chester A. Arthur Grover Cleveland Benjamin Harrison

Page 290 List at least three advantages and three disadvantages of political machines Advantages Disadvantages 1. 2. 3.

Exit Ticket Explain the role of government in reforming the patronage system and its impact on political contributions.

Homework Read Chapter 7 Chapter 7 Study Guide Prepare for Chapter 7 test on Friday.