Integrating Learning Theory into Lesson Plan Design & Classroom Delivery Chelsea Baxter Fiat Chrysler Automobiles Alita Bluford AMConsulting, LLC J. P. Consulting, Inc. Part-time Lecturer

By the end of this workshop, you will understand several learning theories and have ideas on how to integrate them into your lesson plan development and classroom delivery. Social Learning Theory Cognitive Learning Process / Theory Adult Learning Theory Motivational Theories Demo, define, apply

As a result of this workshop, your students will  gain assistance in learning and remembering information = perform better on exams  be more engaged in classroom instruction  evaluate courses /professors more favorably

 Learning is the act of acquiring new, or modifying and reinforcing existing knowledge, skills, attitudes, behaviors, or values. Merridan dictionary  Teach to desired outcome! Performance = M x KSAs x E

While teaching:  Classroom set up / online accessibility  Accommodate different learning styles On their own:  Where can student go for assistance?  What aids do you provide for their learning?

Unsatisfied needs motivate Satisfied Safety needs Social needs Physiological needs Esteem needs Self- Actualization

Bottom line: we are motivated by unmet needs Therefore, how do we apply this?  Identify your students’ needs  Determine how you can you meet their: Physical, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization needs Power, achievement and affiliation needs Maslow, Alderfer, Herzberg, McClelland

Learning is most likely to occur when  Expectancy : Believe that effort will lead to positive performance  Instrumentality: Students see link between performance & outcome  Valence: Students appreciates value of outcome Therefore,  Reinforce positive expectations  Consider how you reward your students Do they value these rewards? Victor Vroom A

 People are motivated to perform or avoid certain behaviors because of past outcomes  Behavior – if rewarded will repeat Therefore,  Decide behaviors you want to see - classroom behavior and learning  Identify undesirable behavior that is reoccurring  Determine how are ALL of these are being rewarded B. F. Skinner

 Changed behavior results from conscious goals and intentions  Specific, challenging goals lead to high performance if people are committed Therefore,  Communicate course & chapter objectives  Have your students create goals and plans Peter Drucker 2016

 Aligned objectives to participants‘ needs  Rewarded attendance with ticket  Met Maslow’s needs  Gave praise and choice of reward (candy or ticket) for participation  Used Expectancy Theory to define it  Used Reinforcement Theory to define it  Helped some participants achieve their goal

How can you use Motivation (Needs) Theories:  What are your students’ key needs?  How can you best meet those needs?  How do you reward desired behavior? Is it working?  How can you use feedback as a reward?  Do your students have goals for your courses? Take a moment to jot down your ideas

1.Expectancy – objective of learning 2.Perception – stimuli 3.Working Storage – limiting 4.Semantic Encoding – cues / links 5.Long-Term Storage – connecting 6.Retrieval – cues to recall 7.Generalizing – application 8.Gratifying – reward Robert Gagne’

Therefore, Students need:  Clear objectives / outcomes  Meaningful content  Engagement in multiple ways (learning styles)  Help committing content to memory (SCAM, CPR)  Opportunities to practice  Feedback / reward

 Categorized theories into four types for easier learning  Demonstrated Cognitive theory with how to spell and remember Stephenson  Created SCAM to remember types of learning theories  Provided job aid of SCAM

How can you use Cognitive Learning Theory:  Which of your courses / chapters do you need to target to improve?  How can you help your students learn the concepts?  How can you help your students remember the concepts?  What kind of practice can you provide? Take a moment to jot down your ideas

Example: From this chapter, the students will…  Knowledge: Know how to conduct a needs assessment. (survey and analysis)  Behavioral: Be able to conduct a needs assessment. (will have successfully….)  Determine: How would you evaluate the successful completion of each objective?

Attention Retention Reproduc- tion Reinforcement Consequence Match Modeled Perform  

 Learn by observing others (models) we believe are credible and knowledgeable  The model’s behavior is adopted by the observer and will be rewarded Therefore, to achieve behavioral outcomes  Use demonstration, observation, role plays, group practice  Provide example of work, clear rubric, feedback   Albert Bandura

 Taught how to use remote  Demonstrated all learning theories  (Might have demonstrated at beginning when rewarded those who were paying attention)

How can you use Social Learning Theory:  Of the concepts you teach, which have a behavioral outcome?  How can you provide a demonstration?  How can your students practice the desired behavior? Take a moment to jot down your ideas

 Developed out of need for a specific theory on how adults learn  Based on assumptions about adults: Need to know why they are learning Prefer to be self-paced Must be experiential / participatory Enter with a problem-centered approach Are motivated extrinsically and intrinsically Malcolm Knowles

Therefore, Initiate pre-class engagement Allow for self-management of timing for learning activities Use learner experience as basis for examples and applications Show immediate application of content Keep problem-centered vs. theory based

 Explained purpose and benefits of workshop  Asked participants to share experience/ ideas several times  Had participants share how adults want to be treated in class  Encouraged personal application of theories

How can you use Adult Learning Theory:  Do you connect with your students before 1 st day?  Can you allow some flexibility with due dates?  How can your students share the knowledge / experience they have?  When can you go beyond theory and focus on (real-life) application? Take a moment to jot down your ideas

Incorporate learning theories into your planning and delivery  Social Learning Theory  Cognitive Learning Process  Adult Learning Theory  Motivation Theory (needs, goal, reinforcement) It’s not a SCAM; it really works!

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