What is matter? Everything is matter! Anything that takes up space is matter. Your desk, paper, pencil, and even the air you breath are matter.

How do you identify matter? We identify matter by its properties: – How it taste, looks, and feels – Its size, shape, and color

Matter Matter exists in three different forms: solids, liquids, and gases

Click on image to view video. Let’s watch a video about solids, liquids, and gases!

SOLIDS Solids have a definite size and shape.

SOLIDS

Liquids don’t have a shape. Instead they spread out and take the shape of whatever container they are in. LIQUIDS

Gas has no shape, size, or color of its own. Gas takes the shape and volume of its container. GAS (same amount of gas in both containers)

GAS

ACTIVITY #1 - Click below to go to Web Site. (handouts for this site)

How can you change matter from one state to another?

Matter can change in two ways. One way is through a physical change.

A physical change occurs when one state changes into another state. How does this happen? by changing the appearance of the matter but not changing the molecules it is made of

H O 2 Water = water vapor (gas) When I heat water, it becomes ______________. water vapor = H O 2

When I cool water, it becomes ___________. H O 2 Water = ice (solid) ice = H O 2

If you change something physically, it may act, look, or feel different, but it is still the same thing. If I tear a piece of paper, it may look different, but it is still paper.

How can I PHYSICALLY change an object? Let’s brainstorm…

Melting gold to pour in a mold.

Glass shattering

Water evaporating

Melting ice cubes

Aluminum foil is cut in half. Clay is molded into a new shape. Butter melts on warm toast. Water evaporates from the surface of the ocean. A juice box in the freezer freezes. Rubbing alcohol evaporates on your hand.

Physical changes ARE reversible! If I melt a piece of ice, it can be changed back into ice (with a little work). If I break a glass, it can (with a lot of work) be made back into a glass.

Matter can change from one state to another, but can still be the same substance. For example, from solid to liquid or from liquid to gas. How can this happen? The answer lies in the motion of the atoms in matter. If a physical force such as temperature or pressure changes, the state can change. If energy in the form of temperature is added, atoms move faster. If energy (temperature) is taken away, atoms move slower. PHYSICAL CHANGE LET’S EXPLORE THIS CONCEPT! How can you change water, a liquid, into a solid?

ACTIVITY #2 - Click below to go to Web Site. (handouts for this site)

The second way matter can change is through a chemical change.

A chemical change occurs when a new substance is produced. How does this happen? by changing the molecules of the object

CHEMICAL CHANGE

Chemical changes are IRREVERSIBLE! If I mix eggs, flour, sugar, spices, and bake them, I get a cake. (I cannot take that cake apart and get those ingredients back separately.)

CHEMICAL CHANGE Examples of chemical changes include: burning bread cooking an egg rusting of an iron pan mixing hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide to make salt and water.

ACTIVITY #3 - Click below to go to Web Site. (handouts for this site)