What are vertebrates and invertebrates? CREATED BY DANIELLE RUFF CARTERSVILLE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL FIFTH GRADE

Animals with a Backbone  What do a giraffe and a snake have in common?  List some differences  THEY BOTH HAVE A BACKBONE! Created by Danielle Ruff /

Vertebrate  Scientists divide the animal kingdom into two large groups, based on the backbone.  An animal with a backbone is a vertebrate.  This term comes from a vertebrae---bones that make up a backbone. Created by Danielle Ruff /

Vertebrates  Mammals  Have hair and produce milk for their young  Birds  Have feathers  Reptiles  Have scaly skin, most lay their eggs on land  Amphibians  Begin life in water, but the adults live on land  Fish  Have scales, live their entire life in water Created by Danielle Ruff /

Vertebrates Created by Danielle Ruff /

Animals without a backbone  Vertebrates are the animals most familiar to us, but they are actually the smallest part of the animal kingdom.  Most species of animals are invertebrates.  An invertebrate is an animal without a backbone. Created by Danielle Ruff /

Invertebrates  Sponges  They live mostly in the oceans  Jellyfish, anemones, and coral  Worms  Live on land  Round worms, earth worms  Mollusks  Soft body animals  Octopus and squid  Some have shells  Snails, clams, and oysters Created by Danielle Ruff /

Invertebrates  Echinoderms  Have different shapes, and most have body parts in multiples of 5  Sea star, sand dollar, and sea urchins  Arthropods  Jointed legs, two or more body segments, skeletons on the outside of their bodies, shed its skeletons  Crustaceans-sea creatures, many have claws, some have antennae  Crab, lobsters, and shrimp  Insects-six legs, three body segments (head, thorax, and abdomen)  Beetles, mosquitos, butterflies, roaches, and bees  Arachnids- eight legs  Spiders, mites, ticks, and scorpions Created by Danielle Ruff /

Structure and Function  When classifying living organisms, scientists look at both the structure and function.  Structure is the form of a body part  Function is what a structure does  A wing, for example, is a structure.  Its function is flight. Created by Danielle Ruff /

Structure and Function  Living organisms that aren’t closely related sometimes have body parts that perform the same function.  However, the structures are usually different.  For example, grasshoppers and frogs both jump by using powerful hind legs.  Scientists who study the skeletons, joints, and muscles of grasshoppers and frogs observe that their legs are not constructed the same way at all.  Because function can be misleading, scientists rely mostly on structure when classifying. Created by Danielle Ruff /