1. Vertebrates & Invertebrates
SC standards:  Compare the characteristic structures of invertebrate animals (including sponges, segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods) and vertebrate animals (fish amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals)

2. The Animal Kingdom Multi-cellular (has many cells)
Cannot make their own food, they are heterotrophs (must get energy by eating plants and other animals
Are either vertebrates or invertebrates
Vertebrates fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds or mammals
Invertebrates sponges, segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods

3. Vertebrates ANIMALS WITH A BACKBONE!
Shared characteristics of vertebrates:
Backbone
Protective skin covering
Inside skeleton
Muscles
Blood that circulates through blood vessels
Lungs or gills for breathing

4. Vertebrates are divided into 5 groups:
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Mammals
Birds

5. Vertebrate- Fish Have backbones Cold-blooded (ectothermic)
Obtain oxygen in water through gills
Most lay eggs
Have scales
Have fins
Live in water

6. Vertebrate- Amphibians
Have backbones
Cold-blooded (ectothermic)
Can breathe in water with
gills early in life and breathe
on land with lungs as adults
Lay jelly-like eggs
Major groups are frogs,
toads, and salamanders

7. Vertebrate- Reptiles Have backbones Cold-blooded (ectothermic)
Breathe with lungs
Most lay eggs
In some reptiles the eggs hatch inside the mother
Have scales or plates

8. Vertebrates- Mammals Have backbones Warm-blooded (endothermic)
Breathe with lungs
Have babies that are born alive
Have fur or hair
Produce milk to feed their young

9. Vertebrates- Birds Have backbones Are warm-blooded (endothermic)
Breathe with lungs
Lay eggs
Have feathers
Have a beak
Two wings
Two feet

10. Invertebrates- ANIMALS WITHOUT A BACKBONE!
90% of ALL animals are invertebrates
Largest group of invertebrates are the arthropods

11. Invertebrates- Sponges
Very simple animals
Have many pores (holes) through which water flows
Water moves into a ventral cavity and out through a hole in the top
Sponges obtain their food and eliminate wastes through this passage of water
Live in fresh or salt water

12. Invertebrates- Segmented Worms
Have long tube-like bodies that are divided into segments
Simplest organisms with a true nervous system
Have a long digestive tube that runs down the length of the worm’s body
Examples: earthworms and leeches

13. Invertebrates- Echinoderms
Similar parts (arms) that extend from the middle body outwards
They have tube feet and spines
Examples: starfish, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, or sea urchins

14. Invertebrates- Arthropods
Have jointed legs
Live on land and in water
Have hard outer
coverings called exoskeletons
Have segmented bodies
and some have wings
Examples: insects,
spiders, and crustaceans

15. Invertebrates- Mollusks
Have soft bodies
Most have a thick muscular
foot for movement or to open
and close their shells
Live in salt or fresh water
or on land
Some have shells
Examples: snails, clams
and octopi