Unit 5: Developing the Training Program 1 © SHRM 2009

Unit 5, Class 1: Developing a Training Program Learning Objectives By the end of this unit, students will: > Develop training content following instructional system design. > Develop training content to attain the learning objectives. > Scope and sequence content according to the objectives. > Describe various logical sequencing techniques. > Develop a lesson plan. > Create appropriate visuals for presentation. 2 © SHRM 2009

Program Design Program design is the organization and coordination of the training program. For learning to occur, training programs require: > Meaningful material. > Clear objectives. > Opportunities for practice. > Feedback. 3 © SHRM 2009

Program Design Effective program design includes: > Course parameters. Entry skills and behaviors. > Course objectives. Program objective. Learning objectives. Assessment of learning objectives. > Detailed lesson plan. Structure and sequence of training. > Evaluation. 4 © SHRM 2009

Content Derivation 5 © SHRM 2009

Evaluate Student Learning Develop tests for student evaluation: > Link evaluation to learning objectives. > Evaluation must simulate conditions of performance in the real world. > Evaluation provides student feedback. > Evaluation aids in learning. 6 © SHRM 2009

Evaluate Learning Domains Criterion-referenced test: > Cognitive domain. Performance test: > Psychomotor domain. Attitude survey: > Affective domain. 7 © SHRM 2009

Developing Content: Scope and Sequence SEQUENCE SCOPESCOPE Topic 1Topic 2Topic 3Topic 4 Objective 1 Objective 2 Objective 3 Objective 4 8 © SHRM 2009

Sequence Job performance order. From simple to complex. Critical sequence. Known to unknown. Dependent relationship. Supportive relationship. Cause to effect. 9 © SHRM 2009

Lesson Plan Lesson plan overview. Detailed lesson plan: > Course title. > Lesson title. > Lesson length. > Learning objectives. > Target audience. > Prerequisites. > Room arrangement. > Materials and equipment needed. > Evaluation and assignments. > Wrap-up. 10 © SHRM 2009

Write a Lesson Plan for Your Project 11 © SHRM 2009

Unit 5, Class 2: Visual Aids and Training Activities Visual aids should: > Enhance the presentation. > Summarize main points. > Add variety. > Be simple and clear. > Have lasting effect. > Illustrate and reinforce complex ideas or concepts. Used poorly, visual aids can be a distraction to an ineffective presentation. 12 © SHRM 2009

Visual Aids Examples PowerPoint slides. Overhead transparencies. Graphs and charts. Pictures. Films and video. Flip charts. Sketches. 13 © SHRM 2009

Handouts Handouts can be used for many purposes: > Summary of material. > To extend information beyond what is presented. > To allow participation during the seminar. > To involve participants. > Follow-up material. 14 © SHRM 2009

PowerPoint Basics Use a template. Use a set font and color scheme. Different styles are disconcerting to the audience. 15 © SHRM 2009

Appropriate Composition One major concept per slide. Heading for every slide. Simple and balanced slides. 16 © SHRM 2009

Maximizing Visibility Text must be large enough to be visible. (this is a 28 point Arial font). This is BOLD. For comparison, this is a 14 point Times New Roman font. Do not make transparencies directly from pages in books, reports or papers unless they can be enlarged. 17 © SHRM 2009

Use of Text (6x6 Rule) > Outline of talk only. > Use 6X6 rule: ≈ 6 lines per slide and 6 words to line. > Full sentences not necessary. > Remove articles (the, a, an). > Illustrate concepts where possible. 18 © SHRM 2009

Fonts Choose a font that is easy to read. Roman and gothic typefaces are easier to read than Script or Old English. Do not use more than one or two font types. Avoid getting carried away with fonts, colors, and text sizes. 19 © SHRM 2009

The Color Wheel 20 © SHRM 2009

Colors  Contrasting or complementary colors are those separated by another color.  Adjacent colors (next to each other) harmonize.  Colors that are directly opposite from one another are said to clash. 21 © SHRM 2009

Backgrounds White on dark background should not be used if the audience is more than 20 feet away. Having a dark background on a computer screen reduces glare. Light text on dark background is very effective for computer reading. 22 © SHRM 2009

Use of Images Use one image per slide. Use two images to provide contrast, but make them big. Draw arrows if needed for emphasis. Do not enlarge small images – they blur. Do not distort the image. Credit the source. © SHRM 2009

Citation of References Credit images on slide: > Include the name of the author, date and title of article and journal. Include references on last slide. 24 © SHRM 2009

Use of Animation Should enhance, not distract. Should not kill time. Should be subtle. Avoid animation schemes. Use same transition between slides. 25 © SHRM 2009

Timing and the Number of Slides 1 slide = 2 – 3 minutes. Image slides may take less time. Time yourself. Leave time for questions. 26 © SHRM 2009

Illustrations Use only when appropriate. Relate to the message. Use simple diagrams. 27 © SHRM 2009

Design Visual Aids for Your Team Project 28 © SHRM 2009