Mr. King J110

 Romans defeat the Etruscans to the north  By 275 BC, Romans conquer the Greeks in southern Italy  Carthage at this time controls: northern Africa, Spain, several islands  Carthage moves to take over Sicily

 Punic Wars are named after Punici, which is the Latin word for Phoenician  Phoenicians came from Carthage, located on the northern coast of Africa  Rome and Carthage fight three wars which last for 100 years

 The first Punic War lasted 23 years from 264 BC to 241 BC  Carthage had a strong navy and a population 3 times the size of Rome (250,000 people)  The Romans used planks to attack enemy ships  In 241 BC the Roman army defeats the Carthaginian navy

 218 BC Hannibal plans an attack on Rome  Hannibal is a great general; his army consists of 60,000 soldiers, 38 elephants, and cavalry  His troops march through the Alps which is covered in snow; half his troops die

Soldiers attempt To cross the Alps

 Hannibal’s soldiers surprise the Romans in the northern plain of Italy  In less than 2 years three Roman armies are defeated  The Romans retreat back to Rome  For the next 15 years, Hannibal’s men attack the Italian peninsula, destroying towns and farmland

 The Romans fight back and surprise Hannibal by crossing the Mediterranean Sea and attacking Carthage  Hannibal is forced to defend the homeland  In 202 BC Roman general Scipio defeats Hannibal’s army at Zama; most of Carthage’s navy is destroyed  Romans now take control of Spain

 149 BC the third Punic War begins  Carthage attacks an ally of Rome; Rome then invades Carthage  Romans cut off all food supplies causing Carthaginians to starve and die  Romans then burn the city down and sold remaining people as slaves  Romans plow fields with salt so no new crops can grow; Carthage is destroyed

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