LOGO Honors World Civ Catholic Reformation

Catholic Reformation John Calvin Calvinism Counter Reformation Soldiers and Resulsts 2

John Calvin Calvin founded a Protestant Church that had a strong following. Formed complete and clear sets of beliefs “Institutes of the Christian Religion.” Laid down exactly what the faithful ought to believe on every major question of religion. 3

Geneva—Official Language. Geneva—Theocracy government ruled by a clergy claiming God’s authority. Believed in reliance on faith and on the Bible like Luther. Emphasis on Belief Predestination Calvinism 4

 Lives of Citizens were regulated down to the smallest detail.  NO Dancing, Card Playing, Showy Dress, and Profane Language.  Severe Punishment  France remained primarily Catholic  Calvinist controlled nearly 1/3 of the country at one point. By 1600 Calvinist were among the strongest of the many Protestant churches. 5

Counter Reformation  1530’s  More spiritual outlook in the Catholic Church  Clarified the doctrines of the church and pursued an aggressive campaign against Protestantism.  Pope Paul III appointed devout and learned men as bishops and cardinals. 6www.themegallery.com

Pope Paul IV 7www.themegallery.com  Index of Forbidden Books  Books harmful to faith or beliefs  Printing Press  Before the Church could control manuscripts and burn the bad ones.  Index remained until 1966

Rules Council of Trent Pope Paul III Catholic Doctrines had to be well defined to make an attack. Met in 3 sessions from 1545 to 1563 Importance of doctrines that Protestants rejected, need for ceremonies, Pomp and splendor. Depend on Priest, God grants forgiveness only through the Church. Persons faith after death depended not only on his or her faith but on ceremonial church actions. Council of Trent 8www.themegallery.com

Council of Trent  Protestantism—simple  Catholics—beautiful decorated churches, authority of priest, and the idea that one could perform good works to gain salvation.

Soldiers of the Counter Reformation  Better educate priests  Old religious orders reformed their rules  New religious orders formed  Society of Jesus  Jesuits  Ignatius de Loyola founded the Jesuits in 1534  Attain Salvation despite his sins 10www.themegallery.com

Jesuits  Spiritual Exercises  Self discipline  Good deeds  One’s own actions  6 students take religious vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience to the pope and to follow him.  Like a military  Strict obedience  He was the general  Most effective agents spreading Catholicism.  Stressed education

Results of Religious Upheaval  Emergence of many different churches  New interest in education  Protestants—people find their way to Christian faith by studying the Bible. Reading becomes very important.  Increase in power of national government  Decrease in the power of the Pope

LOGO 13 Mrs. Ferrell