Colonial America Administrator:

Why do Europeans want to come to America? Wealth- Many Europeans felt they could make a fortune finding gold and trading goods Religion- Many came to convert natives to their religion, or to escape religious persecution in Europe Social Improvement- Many came to America to escape poverty

Jamestown 1607 Jamestown is the 1 st permanent English settlement The surrounding area is named Virginia, after Queen Elizabeth (The Virgin Queen) The Virginia Company financed the colony in hopes to make money

The Virginia Colony As the Virginia Colony grew, it expanded westward English nobility came to the colony with land grants from the king Poorer English settled father west to the Appalachian Mountains where land was cheaper In 1640, the colonists formed the House of Burgesses, today’s General Assembly, which was the 1 st legislative body in Virginia

Colonists, Native Americans and African Slaves Many in England could not afford passage to America, so they agreed to become servants (usually for 7 years) to someone who paid their way to the colonies. They became known as Indentured Servants Native Americans often confronted colonial settlement, but were unable to overcome European diseases and technology Slaves from Africa began to arrive in 1619 to work on tobacco plantations

Colonial America As more English colonists came to America, they began to settle other areas of the east coast These settlements will become the original 13 colonies The 13 colonies will form 3 different characteristics as they developed

The New England Colonies The New England colonies were made up of: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine and Vermont The 1 st of these colonies began with Puritan settlers to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1620 These Pilgrims sought religious freedom from the Anglican Church in England

The New England Colonies The colonists made an agreement to stick together upon arrival called the Mayflower Compact The Puritans formed “covenant communities”, and held Town Meetings to voice concerns- Direct Democracy The New England Colonies based their economies on ship building, lumber and fishing

The Middle Colonies The Middle Colonies were made up of: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware and Maryland Many of these colonists came from Germany and Holland as well as Great Britain along with Huguenots from France Their economy was based on trade, shipbuilding and small farming

The Southern Colonies The Southern Colonies were made up of: Virginia, South Carolina, North Carolina and Georgia They set up plantations in lowland areas and grew “cash crops” of rice, tobacco and indigo Some southerners, mainly of Irish and Scottish descent settled in the mountains of Appalachia, “Cavaliers” from England settled in Eastern Virginia Most southerners had strong beliefs in private ownership and free enterprise

Religion The Puritans dominated the Massachusetts’ Bay Colony, and were intolerant of outside forms of Christianity The Middle colonies had a mix of Quakers in Pennsylvania, Catholics in Maryland and Anglicans from England The Southern Colonies were made up primarily of Anglicans In the 1700s, the “Great Awakening” will lead to the growth of the Baptist and Methodist churches

Slavery in the Colonies Slavery was legal throughout the colonies, but became more widely used in the south Indentured servants became too expensive and southern plantations needed a source of labor Slaves were transported from Africa to the Caribbean by ship sailing the “Middle Passage” Slaves were purchased in the Caribbean, and brought to the 13 colonies where they were made to work long hours for no pay

Review 1.Which is England’s 1 st permanent settlement? a.Jamestown b.Williamsburg c.Plymouth Rock d.Yorktown

Review 2. The House of Burgesses became which modern government assembly? a.The House of Representatives b.Congress c. General Assembly d.Continental Congress

Review 3. Which colonies would most likely conduct town meetings? a.Southern Colonies b.Jamestown Colonies c.Mid-Atlantic Colonies d.New England Colonies

Review 4. Which was not a cash crop in the south? a.Cotton b.Tobacco c.Indigo d.Rice

Review 5.The transportation of slaves from Africa to the Americas is best known as the: a.The Northwest Passage b.The Middle Passage c.The Eastern Passage d.The Southern Passage