Approaches to Teaching Reading Chapter 11 Approaches to Teaching Reading This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 11 Anticipation Guide

Changing Approaches to Teaching Reading Goal of having every student college and career ready Wide acceptance of Common Core State Standards Reading instruction is more challenging Reading of complex text Reading of added informational text

Effective Approaches Lots of reading & writing Varied materials Foster independence in skill use Language based Relating reading & writing Provision for individual differences Continuous monitoring of progress Providing extra help to those who need it

Basal/Anthology Approach • Integrated language arts skills • Systematic phonics • Differing levels • ELL, intervention provisions • Wide range of resources -Resources may be Web-based. May be partially digitized.

Basal/Anthology Approach (Continued) Advantages Convenience Structure Steady progression for students Varied Wide selection Well-planned Follow-up and enrichment activities

Basal/Anthology Approach (Continued) Disadvantages Reliance on excerpts Too structured in pacing May be too broad-based Content/activities target “average” students Struggling readers need more

Basal/Anthology Approach (Continued) Adapting Basals Use as resource, not guide Emphasize real writing and reading Use workbooks judiciously Emphasize wide and varied reading Focus on key skills and strategies Provide daily reading opportunities for struggling readers Gradually take control of program

Minibook Series Students read series of minibooks of increasing difficulty. Most series use predictable books- novice readers can use illustrations and sentence patterns to help them read. Gradually grow in difficulty and provide less support May be used as supplements to basals . Most fail to support decoding skills. Develop high-frequency words rather than phonics patterns. Ready Readers is a minibooks series that systematically introduces phonics patterns.

Literature-Based Approach Uses Sets of Books To Teach Literacy Core Literature Whole class Reading groups Shared experiences May ignore diverse interests

Literature-Based Approach (Continued) Text Sets Groups of related books Fosters student connections Thematic Units Unifying element may be author, genre, theme Some may lack depth Materials need unifying idea Self-selection Encourages student reading

Literature-Based Approach (Continued) Self-selection Encourages student reading Choosing Materials Consider quality, appeal of materials Consider all genres Include student opinions

Literature-Based Approach (Continued) Advantages and Disadvantages Primary advantage: tailors book selection to student needs Disadvantages Possible misuse of fine literature Books may not appeal to all May be difficult for struggling readers Adapting a Literature-Based Approach Whole class Small group Individual

Individualized Reading/ Reading Workshop Fosters Engaged Reading Preparation Time Self-Selected Reading & Responding Conferences Dialogue journals Student Sharing Organizing the Program Structure with student input

Individualized Reading/ Reading Workshop (Continued) Advantages Self-selection Self-paced Uses group processes Related reading and writing Adapted Reading Workshop Can be used with or without basal series

Figure 11.1: Response Sheet for Fiction

Language-Experience Approach Children’s Experiences Become Reading Material Integrates thinking, listening, speaking, reading, writing Teacher facilitates process Reflects exact student words Group stories reflect group language structures

Language-Experience Approach (Continued) Personalizing Group Stories Identify contributor’s names An Individual Approach Individual language-experience stories Student dictates to adult English Language Learners Often excellent approach Accept and value child’s language

Language-Experience Approach (Continued) Accept Variant Dialects Language-Experience Approach in Content Areas Can help summarize main events, concepts Can assist in presenting content matter Technology and Language-Experience Approach Technology makes more appealing & effective

Figure 11.3: Personalized Group Language-Experience Story

Language-Experience Approach (Continued) Other Uses Real purposes (letters, invitations, class rules, charts, diaries, plays, etc.) Shared writing activities Advantages and Disadvantages Builds on student language and experience Cannot use as sole source of reading Adapting Use as supplement to other approaches

Guided Reading Reading Level Groups Learning Centers Groups meet daily or several times a week Grouping flexible and fluid Teacher works with each group separately Learning Centers Skills practice Enrichment Explore interests

Guided Reading (Continued) Advantages and Disadvantages of Guided Reading Students instructed at own level Students can receive targeted assistance Take care to avoid “busywork”

An Integrated Approach Combination of Approaches Recommended Word attack strategies important Use best features of all approaches Rely on professional judgment for individual classroom