 The attack on Pearl Harbor was a success for the Japanese  U.S. dealt with damage to sea power  Focused energy and resources on Europe and defeating the Axis  Japanese won string of victories  Wake Island  Guam  Hong Kong  British base at Singapore  Dutch East Indies (Indonesia)  Borneo  Burma

 Campaign against British base at Singapore  Japanese captured it in just two weeks  Winston Churchill called it “the greatest disaster and capitulation in British history”

 Japan wanted of the Philippines  General Douglas MacArthur led the defense of that island chain

 MacArthur planned a retreat to the Bataan Peninsula  Fought a defensive position  Soldiers lacked food and other supplies  March MacArthur was ordered to leave his men  A month later troops on Bataan surrendered

1.H ow many people marched? 2.H ow far did they have to go? 3.H ow long was the march? 4.H ow many people died?

Richard Gordon: Richard Gordon: I didn't come down with a surrender group. They caught me actually two days after the surrender took place. First thing I did was receive a good beating. And everything I had in my wallet, in my pockets was taken from me. And as I was marched down that road, where they captured me, I passed my battalion commander, Major James Ivy, and he had been tied to a tree and he was stripped to the waist and he was just covered with bayonet holes. He was dead obviously. And he had bled profusely. He had been bayonetted by many, many bayonets. And that's when I knew we had some troubles on our hands. We were in for deep trouble. Interviewer: Why didn't the Japanese treat you better? Gordon: Why didn't they treat us better? I wish I could answer for the Japanese. I think they were totally unprepared for what they had to handle.... Their outlook of a prisoner of war was that they held you in nothing but contempt. If you surrendered, you were dishonorable. So if you were dishonorable, why should we worry about you or take care of you? You don't deserve anything better than what we're giving you. And so the Japanese philosophy, we were never prisoners of war initially. We were captives. A big, fine distinction they drew there. You were a captive of the Japanese army. They could do with you what they want. They didn't have to abide by any rules because there were no rules. I didn't come down with a surrender group. They caught me actually two days after the surrender took place. First thing I did was receive a good beating. And everything I had in my wallet, in my pockets was taken from me. And as I was marched down that road, where they captured me, I passed my battalion commander, Major James Ivy, and he had been tied to a tree and he was stripped to the waist and he was just covered with bayonet holes. He was dead obviously. And he had bled profusely. He had been bayonetted by many, many bayonets. And that's when I knew we had some troubles on our hands. We were in for deep trouble. And they brought us down into a staging area and put me in with the rest of the thousands that were assembled on the side of the road, and that's where I spent my first night.

1.Stop future attacks on the Japanese mainland 2.They wanted to finish the job left undone at Pearl Harbor 3.Lure in American fleet 4.Plan was to overwhelm the American fleets and destroy them

 Japanese advantage  Larger number of ships and carriers  Americans advantage  Broke Japanese code

 The Outcomes  Changed the balance of power in Pacific  Japanese naval power reduced

In that same time, America created seventeen fleets, 10 carriers, and 86 escorts Japan then took a defensive role. In the two years after Midway, the Japanese made only six additional fleets

 Japanese weapon  Pilot who loaded his aircraft with bombs  Crashed into an enemy ship

Start Date: February 1945  First battle Japanese troops were fighting for land that was part of Japan  Japanese troops refused to surrender  All but 1,000 fought to the death  Americans defeat Japan and gain the land

Dates: April 1,1945- June 22,1945  Bloodiest battle faced in Pacific  Over 12,000 Americans died  Thousands were injured  Japanese lost 110,000  Americans gained control of island in June 1945