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World War II: America at War

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1 World War II: America at War
Chapter 25

2 Decisions at the Beginning of American Involvement:
List:

3 Our Enemy—Who first? Germany + Italy Japan
About to crash Britain and USSR Radical views More powerful military Resources get boost with fall of USSR Japan Based on Navy Had everything but US territories and Australia Starting to bog down due to a lack of resources

4 The Early Battles: Balancing a sinking Ship
A few major battles stopped aggression against the US and allowed our nation to arm and produce.

5 The Pacific 1942 Philippines fall to Japan. Japanese control of the Philippines would lead to control over all of east Asia. the attack came the day after Pearl Harbor. General Douglas MacArthur only had 90,000 troops, which he pulled back to the Bataan Peninsula, where the US forces experienced starvation conditions in the Bataan Death March. MacArthur was forced to escape, but as he left the island of Corregidor in march 1942, he promised "I shall return."

6 Battle of Midway June 4, 1942 Due to effective code breaking after Pearl Harbor, Admiral Chester Nimitz commanded a considerable force, including  three aircraft carriers to Midway Island.  Japanese fighters were met by a strong air response from the Hornet, Yorktown, and Enterprise. The Yorktown would be lost, and 5,000 Japanese fighting men were killed, but the Japanese threat to the Eastern Pacific was over.

7 The Bombing of Tokyo and Battle of Coral Sea
Bombed Tokyo—Doolittle Raid April 18, 1942 B25 from Hornet Planes landed in China Movie: Coral Sea May 7+8, 1942 Destroyed Japanese fleet heading for Australia and Hawaii Put Japan on the Defensive

8 In Europe Stalingrad Starting in August of 1942, severe house-to-house fighting in the Russian city of Stalingrad led to a stinging German defeat. Thousands of Russian citizens and soldiers died each day in an effort to keep the Germans from taking the city.  The German 6th Army, led by General Von Paulus, was forced to retreat under pressure from  Soviet forces led by Gen.Georgi Zhukov. Paulus finally surrendered after 146,000 soldiers had died. The Germans were on the defensive in the East from then on.

9 Stalingrad Over 1 million Soviets lost in this battle.
Stopped German advance in USSR which began in Summer of 1941. Showed Russian willingness to die.

10 At Home War Production Began--War Industries Board
Planes, tanks, and automobiles Food and supplies Fuel

11 Financing the War Tax increases War Bonds Debt

12 Human Capital Enlistees Women Minorities
Men 18-45, some women, some minorities 15 million total Women Jobs-- Minorities Tuskegee Segregated camps

13 Social Issues Rationing and saving Speaking out against the war
Japanese-Americans Native American Involvement

14 European Theatre The war in Europe was stalemated in 1943.
The Allies had to make plans for an invasion. Should it be through the soft underbelly of Italy? Should it be through France? Russia?

15 North Africa First Went after Rommel in Africa with Patton
Dates: Events: Outcome: Significance: Then turned to Sicily Outcomes:

16 Entering Europe Italian Campaign Naples
Mussolini out of power, back in Anzio Rome

17 Softening up Europe Battle of the Atlantic Strategic bombing

18 Operation Overload

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