LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENT & CONVENTION

Law, Regulations and Convention related to PMS International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) Safety Management System (SMS) International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) Port State Control (PSC) International Safety Management Code (ISM Code) The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) International Maritime Organization (IMO)

Focusing on Two Important IMO Conventions namely Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), International Safety Management Code (ISM CODE), and Classification Society

ISM CODE International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention or International Safety Management Code

PURPOSE Provision of an international standard for the safe management and operation of ships and pollution prevention There must be commitment from the top; Competence , attitudes and motivation of individuals at all levels that yields the end result

Objectives Objectives of ISM Ensures safety of life, cargo at sea Prevent human injury and loss of life Avoid damages to property Prevent pollution of the environment

Objectives Inter alia; The company should provide for safe practices in ship operations and safe working environment Establish safeguards against all identified risks Continuously improve safety management skills of personnel ashore and onboard, including preparation for emergencies related both to safety and environmental protection Safety

Objectives ISM should ensure: Compliance with mandatory rules and regulations That applicable codes, guidelines and standards recommended by the organization, administration, classification societies and maritime industry organizations are taken into account. Safety

ISM CODE…..cont’d Encourage the continuous improvement of safety management performance in ship-shore management Ensure full compliance to National, Local, and International rules, regulations, standards, and codes

International Ship Safety Every shipping company must develop, implement, and maintain a safety management system (ISM) that includes the following functional requirements:

Safety and environmental policies; Instructions and procedures to ensure safe operation of ships; Define levels of authority and line of communication between and among shore and shipboard personnel Establish procedures for reporting accidents and non-conformance; Procedures to prepare for and respond to emergencies Procedures for internal audits and management review audits.

IT is the SOFTWARE! It is not just another inspection that focuses on hardware It is about Human Element and the relationship with shore side and ship board management activities It focuses on human element Requires and demands Commitment. Not something you can throw money and simply resolve. It simply makes a good business sense.

ENFORCEMENT The ship should be operated by a company which has been issued with a document of compliance (DOC) Internal Auditor……shore establishment External Auditor….. Marine dept. “Jabatan Laut” - Initial Assessment….before issue certificate - Periodic (verification) Assessment - Renewal Assessment annually

DOCUMENTS Shore establishment (Internal Auditor) is the Custodian of DOC A document issued to a company which complies to the requirement of ISM Validity not more than 5 years. Subject to annual verification

DOCUMENTS Onboard each Vessel…..Must have Safety Management Certificate (SMC). Validity not more than 5 yrs. A document issued to a ship which signifies that a company and its shipboard management operate in accordance with approved safety management system Non-conformance/compliance? … SMC withdrawn

ISM CODE…..cont’d Non – Conformity 1) Major ---- a failure of a system which has immediate impact to safety and pollution 2) Minor …… a failure of a system which has no immediate impact or bearing on safety and pollution prevention Under observations

International Ship Safety…cont’d The company should ensure that: Inspections are held at appropriate intervals; Any non-conformity is reported, with its possible cause, if known; Appropriate corrective action is taken; and Records of these activities are maintained

It is the PEOPLE Designated person who act as a link between those onboard and a company, and has direct access to the highest level of management and ensure availability of resources The master implements the safety and environmental-protection policy, motivating the crew, issuing appropriate orders and instructions in a clear and simple manner, reviewing the safety management system, and reporting its deficiencies to the shore-based management

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TO POLLUTION

Environmental Protection & Pollution Merchant Shipping Ordinance 1952 Environmental Quality Act 1974 Exclusive Economic Zone Act 1984 The effect of oil spills can be far reaching, posing both environmental and economic threats. Recreational activities, local industry, fisheries, and marine life are among the resources adversely affected by oil spills

Economic, Social….Impact Impact of oil on coastal activities, severe public response and interference to recreational activities Effect to power plants using seawater cooling Biological effect of oil. Effect the marine life, flora and fauna caused by physical contamination and smothering Chemical components can be hazardous ( toxic element) Explosion hazard State revenue and fisherman affected

CLASSIFICATION SOCIETIES

ROLE/RECOGNITION The role of classification and Classification Societies has been recognized in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) and in the 1988 Protocol to the International Convention on Load Lines

PURPOSE The purpose of CS is to provide classification and statutory services and assistance to the maritime industry and regulatory bodies with regards to maritime safety and pollution prevention, based on the accumulation of maritime knowledge and technology

INDEPENDENCE As an independent, self-regulating, externally audited body, a Classification Society has no commercial interests related to ship design, ship building, ship ownership, ship operation, ship management, ship maintenance or repairs, insurance, or chartering

MARITIME SAFETY PROMOTERS Classification is one element within the maritime safety regime Others with responsibility for or interest in promoting maritime safety include ship owners, shipbuilders, Flag State Administrations, Port State Control authorities, underwriters, shipping financiers, charterers, and of course Seafarers

OBJECTIVE of CLASSIFICATION To verify the structural strength and integrity of essential parts of the ship hulls and its appendages, and the reliability and functions of the propulsion, steering systems, power generation and those other features and auxiliary systems which have been built into the ship in order to maintain essential services onboard.

SCOPE OF CLASSIFICATION A technical review of the design plans and a related documents for a new vessel to verify compliance with applicable rules Attendance at the construction of then vessel in the shipyard by a Classification Society Surveyor (s) to verify that the vessel is constructed in accordance with the approved design plans and classification rules

SCOPE OF CLASSIFICATION Presence of Classification Society surveyor (s) at the relevant/various production facilities that provide key components such as the steel, engine, etc, conform to the applicable rule requirement Presence of Classification Society surveyor (s) at the sea trial and other trials

SCOPE OF CLASSIFICATION Upon satisfactory completion of the above, the builder request for the issuance of a class certificate Once being put into service, the owner must submit a clear specified programme of a periodic class surveys, carried out onboard the vessel, to verify that the ship continues to meet the relevant rule requirements for continuation of class

Classification Societies/RolesFunction International Association of Classification Societies (IACS)- Lloyd’s Register of Shipping, Bureau Veritas, American Bureau of Shipping, Det Norske Veritas, Nippon Kaiji Kyokai. They set standard, by issuing Rules & Guidance Notes stipulated technical requirements for ships They perform surveys and inspections to check that ship comply with their own rules and with statutory regulation

Statutory/classification Survey Carry out statutory survey authorized by government Ship classification/classification survey- examination of the parts of the ship covered by provisions in the rules Examination of the methods used by the ship owner or shipyard for maintenance and repair Detailed verifications using sport checks and cross checks Investigate the machinery, structural and habitability problems, on offshore installations, and inshore-based plants

Three elements of ship classification are: Setting standard Verification of compliance with standard Documenting compliance with standard survey Classification Society is licensed by Flag State Remember No ship could be built without the approval of Classification Society

Statutory/classification Survey Attend to ship in trouble, to investigate causes of machinery failures and recommend ways to remedy them Marking of loadline. Computer program have been developed to calculate loadline, tonnages, stability issues and problems associated with drilling rigs and floating platforms which cannot be solved by normal ship-type calculation Issuance of Safety Certificate

Statutory Survey To Ensure Vessel build to standard Maintained to standard Repaired to standard

Selection of Statutory Marine Surveys International Convention on Load Lines 1966 International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate Convention on International Regulations for Preventing Collusion at Sea 1972 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships nternational Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships

Class Maintenance Programs and Survey IMO Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemical/Liquefied Gas in Bulk Minimum Crew Accommodation Standard required by ILO Nowadays most cost-conscious shipowners operate advance planning systems and maintenance procedures in order to meet increasing demand for cost-effective operation To avoid unnecessary opening up of mechinary and duplication of work, classification societies have introduce an alternative based on owner’s planned maintenance programme onboard

Class Maintenance Programs and Survey How? It involves the following sequence of survey program Classification society approves the owner’s maintenance programme; Initial survey onboard by classification society surveyor; Continuous machinery survey to be in operation; Chief Engineer to be approved by classification society Annual survey inspection by Chief Engineer accepted as class survey

Harmonization of Survey Survey harmonized and synchronized with tolerance time band Annual survey with a time band of 3 months before and after the due date; 2, and 2.5 year surveys to be undertaken within 6 months before and after due date; Special periodic survey every 4 years with a permitted 1-year extension Safety Certification issued by Classification Societies

CLASSIFICATION SURVEYS A classification survey is a visual examination that normally consists of: Overall examination of the items identified in the Rules for survey Detail checks of selected parts on a sampling basis Witnessing tests, measurements, and trials where applicable

CLASSIFICATION SURVEYS Each classed vessel is subject to a specified programme of periodic surveys after delivery. These are based on a five-year cycle and consist of annual survey, an intermediate survey, and a class renewal/special survey (held every 5 years)

CLASSIFICATION SURVEYS Classification Societies aim to achieve this objective through the development and application of their own rules and, by verifying compliance with international and or national statutory regulations on behalf of flag administrations The vast majority of commercial ships are built to and surveyed for compliance with the standards laid down by Classification Societies

CLASSIFICATION SURVEYS A vessel that has been designed and built to the appropriate Rules of a Society may apply for a certificate of classification from that society

CLASSIFICATION SURVEYS ANNUAL SURVEY The purpose of an annual survey is to confirm that the general condition of the hull is maintained at a satisfactory level. Generally as the ship ages, ballast tanks are required to be subjected to more extensive overall and close-up surveys at Annual Surveys

CLASSIFICATION SURVEYS INTERMEDIATE SURVEY The intermediate survey may be held at or between the second or third Annual Survey in each five (5) year Special Survey cycle. Those items which are additional to the requirement of the Annual Surveys, may be surveyed either at or between the 2nd and 3rd Annual Survey

CLASSIFICATION SURVEYS SPECIAL SURVEY The Special Survey are carried out at five-year intervals for the purpose of establishing the condition of the structure to confirm that the structural integrity is satisfactory in accordance with the Classification Requirements Remained fit for its intended purpose for another five-year period, subject to proper maintenance and operation of the ship and to periodical surveys carried out at the due dates.

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