1. What large brain structure allows us to hold facts or events in short-term memory? The cortex.

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Presentation transcript:

1. What large brain structure allows us to hold facts or events in short-term memory? The cortex

2. Which specific type of long-term memory, does the hippocampus NOT seem to be involved in transferring? Procedural memories

3. What are the implications in the fact that a patient with a damaged hippocampus can still recall old memories? Long-term memories are not stored within the hippocampus (they are stored in the cortex) hippocampus

4. What is the role of the amygdala with regard to memory formation? Provides the emotional aspect to memories

5. How are molecular and chemical changes involved in the formation of memories? Learning may change the structure and function of a neuron Long-term potentiation (LTP) can occur – an increased sensitivity of a neuron after repeated stimulation

6. What are the differences between the method of loci and the peg method mnemonic devices? Method of loci – create a visual association between already memorized places, and the new items to be memorized Peg method – associate new words with number-word rhymes

7. How do Aborigines differ from people from western cultures in terms of their memory skills? How did Judith Kearins explain this finding? Aborigines have superior visual memory skills, whereas western cultures excel in verbal memory This may be due to the survival benefits of visual memory for those living in the desert

8. What are the implications of the research conducted by Steven Ceci concerning children’s memories? Great care must be taken when questioning young children so that repeated suggestions do not create and implant false memories

9. What is own-race bias? Eyewitnesses of one race are less accurate when identifying an accused person of another race

10. What is the correlation between an eyewitness’ confidence and the accuracy of their testimony? There is only a weak relationship between a correct identification and how much confidence the eyewitness felt

11. What is source misattribution? Memory error that results when a person has difficulty in deciding which of two or more sources a memory came from (was it a suggestion or did it happen?)

12. In experiments by Elizabeth Loftus, how did the use of different questions affect a person’s memory of a car accident they had viewed? Subjects can be misled by being given false but related information (reporting to have seen a “Yield” sign, when one was not present)

13. Why do you think the cognitive interview technique is more successful than hypnosis in retrieving witness’ memories? In a cognitive interview the detectives help the person reconstruct the incident without trying to lead the witness; in hypnosis the person is more easily influenced and is likely to say whatever the hypnotist wants them to say