SECTION 3 ABOLITION AND WOMEN’S RIGHTS

ABOLITIONISTS BY MOST NORTHERN STATES BEGAN PASSING ANTISLAVERY LAWS IN 1807 THE IMPORTATION OF SLAVES WAS BANNED ABOLITIONISTS WANTED SLAVERY OUTLAWED IN THE ENTIRE UNITED STATES FIRST TO TAKE A STAND AGAINST SLAVERY- QUAKERS

ABOLITIONISTS- PEOPLE WHO LED THE MOVEMENT TO END SLAVERY DAVID WALKER A FREE AFRICAN AMERICAN WROTE A PAMPHLET URGING SLAVES TO REVOLT, DISTRIBUTED IN THE SOUTH HEARD HIS LIFE WAS IN DANGER – DIED MYSTERIOUSLY (POISONED?!) WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON PUBLISHED ABOLITIONIST NEWSPAPER CALLED THE LIBERATOR WROTE “I WILL NOT RETREAT A SINGLE INCH- AND I WILL BE HEARD!” BOSTON MOB TRIED TO HANG HIM, BUT MAYOR STOPPED THEM

ABOLITIONISTS GRIMKE SISTERS WHITE, GREW UP ON A PLANTATION BELIEVED THAT SLAVERY WAS MORALLY WRONG JOINED QUAKERS AND AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY SPOKE OUT FOR ABOLITION EVEN THOUGH THEY WERE CRITICIZED FOR IT.

ABOLITIONISTS GRIMKE SISTERS ANGELINA’S HUSBAND LED A CAMPAIGN TO SENT ANTISLAVERY PETITIONS TO CONGRESS PROSLAVERY CONGRESSMEN PASSED A GAG RULE TO PREVENT THE READING OF THESE PETITIONS

ABOLITION PRESIDENT JOHN QUINCY ADAMS IGNORED THE GAG RULE AND READ THE ANTISLAVERY PETITIONS PROSLAVERY CONGRESSMEN TRIED TO STOP HIM THIS WEAKENED THE PROSLAVERY CAUSE BECAUSE IT SHOWED THEM OPPONENTS OF FREE SPEECH ADAMS ALSO DEFENDED A GROUP OF ENSLAVED AFRICANS WHO HAD REBELLED ON THE SLAVE SHIP AMISTAD THE SLAVES WERE ALLOWED TO RETURN HOME

ABOLITIONISTS FREDERICK DOUGLASS CAREER AS A LECTURER FOR THE MASSACHUSETTS ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY PUBLISHED A AUTOBIOGRAPHY TO PROVE HIS LIFE AS A SLAVE FEARED HE WOULD BE RECAPTURED, HE WENT ON A TWO YEAR SPEAKING TOUR HE THEN BOUGHT HIS FREEDOM AND BEGAN PUBLISHING AN ANTISLAVERY NEWSPAPER

ABOLITIONISTS SOJOURNER TRUTH (ISABELLA) STARTED LIFE AS SLAVE BUT RAN AWAY AND LIVED WITH A QUAKER FAMILY HELPED HER WIN COURT BATTLE TO WIN YOUNG SON FROM SLAVERY WENT OUT TO DECLARE TRUTH TO THE PEOPLE AND DREW HUGE CROWDS IN THE NORTH

UNDERGROUND RAILROAD AN ABOVEGROUND SERIES OF ESCAPE ROUTES FROM THE SOUTH TO THE NORTH WAS NOT UNDERGROUND OR AN ACTUAL RAILROAD TRAVELED ON FOOT, WAGONS, BOATS AND TRAINS. USUALLY TRAVELED BY NIGHT AND HID BY DAY IN PLACES CALLED STATIONS STABLES, ATTICS AND CELLARS ALL SERVED AS STATIONS. PERSON WHO HELPED RUNAWAYS WAS CALLED A CONDUCTOR

ABOLITIONISTS HARRIET TUBMAN ONE OF THE MOST FAMOUS CONDUCTORS OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD SHE ESCAPED AND MAKE 19 DANGEROUS TRIPS ON THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD CARRIED A PISTOL TO FRIGHTEN SLAVE HUNTERS AND MEDICINE TO QUIET CRYING BABIES $60,000 REWARD FOR HER CAPTURE

UNDERGROUND RAILROAD ELLEN & WILLIAM CRAFT 1848, ELLEN CRAFT DISGUISED HERSELF AS A WHITE MAN AND HER HUSBAND PRETENDED TO BE HER SLAVE. TRAVELED MORE THAN 1,000 MILES BY STEAMBOAT AND TRAIN

UNDERGROUND RAILROAD HENRY “BOX” BROWN A WHITE CARPENTER HELPED TO PACK HIM IN A BOX AND SHIPPED HIM TO PHILADELPHIA THE BOX WAS 2.5 FEET DEEP, 2 FEET WIDE, 3 FEET LONG “THIS SIDE UP WITH CARE” TRAVELED 27 HOURS TO FREEDOM

REVIEW WHAT METHODS DID ABOLITIONISTS USE TO FIGHT AGAINST SLAVERY? ANSWER: ABOLITIONISTS PASSED ANTISLAVERY LAWS AND WROTE AND LECTURED AGAINST SLAVERY. SOME HELPED ENSLAVED PERSONS TO ESCAPE.

WOMEN’S RIGHTS WHITE ABOLITIONIST WOMEN BEGAN TO REALIZE THAT THEIR OWN RIGHTS WERE EXTREMELY LIMITED…

WOMEN REFORMERS WORLD ANTI-SLAVERY CONVENTION LUCRETIA MOTT AND ELIZABETH CADY STANTON WENT TO THE WORLD ANTI-SLAVERY CONVENTION IN LONDON WERE NOT ALLOWED TO ENTER THE CONVENTION BECAUSE THEY WERE WOMEN – NOT ALLOWED TO SPEAK IN PUBLIC HAD TO SIT BEHIND HEAVY CURTAIN WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISONS JOINED THEM

WOMEN’S RIGHTS WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN 1800 FEW LEGAL OR POLITICAL RIGHTS COULD NOT VOTE, SIT ON JURIES OR HOLD PUBLIC OFFICE LAWS TREATED WOMEN AS CHILDREN MOST STATES HUSBAND CONTROLLED ANY PROPERTY WIFE INHERITED AND ANY WAGES SHE MIGHT EARN.

WOMEN’S RIGHTS AFTER BEING SNUBBED AT THE WORLD ANTI-SLAVERY CONVENTION IN LONDON, STANTON AND MOTT DECIDED IT WAS TIME TO DEMAND RIGHTS NOT ONLY FOR ENSLAVED PEOPLE, BUT EQUALITY FOR WOMEN AS WELL THEY PLANNED A WOMEN’S RIGHTS CONVENTION IN SENECA FALLS, NEW YORK.

WOMEN’S RIGHTS SENECA FALLS CONVENTION WORLD’S FIRST WOMEN’S RIGHT CONVENTION HELD BY STANTON AND MOTT ATTRACTED MEN AND WOMEN WROTE A DECLARATION OF SENTIMENTS THAT DECLARED ALL MEN AND WOMEN WERE EQUAL (REFLECTED DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE)

WOMEN’S RIGHTS SENECA FALLS CONVENTION- SUFFRAGE SUFFRAGE- THE RIGHT TO VOTE THE CONVENTION PASSED A RESOLUTION THAT STATED WOMEN SHOULD HAVE THE RIGHT TO VOTE. SOME WERE AFRAID THE PUBLIC WOULD LAUGH AT THIS (WOMEN WERE NOT GIVEN THE RIGHT TO VOTE UNTIL THE 19 TH AMENDMENT PASSED IN 1919 AND RATIFIED IN 1920.)

WOMEN’S RIGHTS SOME AMERICANS MADE FUN OF THIS IDEA THAT WOMEN SHOULD HAVE EQUAL RIGHTS IMPROVEMENT: SUSAN B. ANTHONY PROMOTED THE IDEA OF EQUAL PAY FOR MEN AND WOMEN SHE CALLED FOR LAWS THAT ALLOWED MARRIED WOMEN TO KEEP THEIR OWN PROPERTY AND WAGES IN 1839, MISSISSIPPI PASSED THE FIRST SUCH LAW. NEW YORK PASSED A PROPERTY LAW IN 1848 AND WAGES LAW IN BY 1865, 29 STATES HAD SIMILAR LAWS.

WOMEN’S RIGHTS SUSAN B. ANTHONY SKILLED ORGANIZER WHO WORKED IN THE TEMPERANCE AND ANTISLAVERY MOVEMENTS BUILT WOMEN’S MOVEMENT INTO A NATIONAL ORGANIZATION SOJOURNER TRUTH – GAVE SPEECH, AM I NOT A WOMAN” THAT URGED MEN TO GIVE WOMEN THEIR RIGHTS

A CHANGING NATION IN THE EARLY AND MID 19 TH CENTURY, THE U.S. EXPERIENCED DRAMATIC SOCIAL AND CULTURAL CHANGES. IMMIGRATION: DIVERSE POPULATION CITY GROWTH SOME AMERICANS OPPOSED IMMIGRATION RELIGIOUS REVIVAL LED TO REFORM MOVEMENTS TEMPERANCE EDUCATION WORKERS RIGHTS SLAVERY ABOLITION MOVEMENT GAINED STRENGTH IN THE NORTH SOUTHERN ECONOMY RELIED ON SLAVE LABOR

SECTION QUESTIONS 1. WHAT RIGHTS WERE WOMEN FIGHTING FOR IN THE MID-1800S? ANSWER: WOMEN FOUGHT FOR THE RIGHT TO VOTE, TO RECEIVE EQUAL PAY, AND TO KEEP THEIR OWN PROPERTY AND WAGES AFTER MARRIAGE.

SECTION QUESTIONS 2. HOW DID IMMIGRATION, RELIGIOUS REVIVAL, AND REFORM CHANGE THE NATION? ANSWER: IMMIGRATION MADE THE POPULATION LARGER AND MORE DIVERSE. RELIGIOUS REVIVAL AND REFORM INSPIRED PEOPLE TO TRY TO IMPROVE SOCIETY THROUGH TEMPERANCE EFFORTS, THE FIGHT FOR WORKERS’ RIGHTS, AND OTHER SOCIAL MOVEMENTS.