APHG – Chapter 14 Review

Solar energy system that collects energy through the use of mechanical devices like photovoltaic cells or flat-plate collectors.

Active Solar Energy Systems

The number of species within a specific habitat.

Biodiversity

Power supplied by people or animals.

Animate Power

A gas used as solvent, a propellant in aerosols, a refrigerant, and in plastic foams and fire extinguishers.

Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)

The splitting of an atomic nucleus to release energy.

Fission

Creation of energy by joining the nuclei of two hydrogen atoms to form helium.

Fusion

Energy source formed from the residue of plants and animals buried millions of years ago.

Fossil Fuel (unevenly distributed around earth; finite supply)

Energy from steam or hot water produced from hot or molten underground rocks.

Geothermal Energy

Solar energy system that collects energy without the use of mechanical devices.

Passive Solar Energy Systems

Power supplied from machines.

Inanimate Power (Oil, natural gas, coal)

Power generated from moving water.

Hydroelectric power

Solar energy cells, usually made from silicon, that collect solar rays to generate electricity.

Photovoltaic cell

A source of energy that is a finite capable of being exhausted.

Nonrenewable energy

A atmospheric condition formed through a combination of weather conditions and pollution, especially from motor vehicle emissions.

Photochemical smog

Addition of more waste that a resource can accommodate.

Pollution

The amount of energy in deposits not yet identified but thought to exist.

Potential reserve

The separation, collection, processing, marketing, and reuse of unwanted material.

Recycling

The amount of a resource remaining in discovered deposits.

Proven reserve

Particles from a nuclear reaction that emit radiation; contact with such particles may be harmful or lethal to people and must therefore be safely stored for thousands of years

Radioactive waste

A resource that has a theoretically unlimited supply and is not depleted when used by humans.

Renewable energy

A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use.

Resource

A place to deposit solid waste, where a layer of earth is bulldozed over garbage each day to reduce emissions of gases and odors from the decaying trash, to minimize fires and to discourage vermin.

Sanitary Landfill

The level of development that can be maintained in a country without depleting resources to the extent that future generations will be unable to achieve a comparable level of development.

Sustainable development

Maintenance of a resource in its present condition, with a little human impact as possible.

Preservation

A gas that absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation, found in the stratosphere, a zone between 9 to 30 miles above Earth’s surface.

Ozone

Metals utilized to make products other than iron and steel.

Nonferrous

Anticipated increase in Earth’s temperature, caused by carbon dioxide (emitted by burning fossil fuels) trapping some of the radiation emitted by the surface.

Greenhouse Effect

The sustainable use and management of a natural resource, through consuming at a less rapid rate than it can be replaced.

Conservation

A nuclear power plant that creates its own fuel from plutonium.

Breeder reactor

Fuel that derives from plant material and animal waste.

Biomass fuel

Amount of oxygen required by aquatic bacteria to decompose a given load of organic waste; a measure of water pollution.

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)

Concentration of trace substances, such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and solid particulates, at a greater level than occurs in average air.

Air Pollution

Conversion of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides to acids that return to Earth as rain, snow, or fog.

Acid Precipitation

Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, emitted by burning fossil fuels, enter the atmosphere – where they combine with water to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid – and return to the Earth’s surface.

Acid deposition

Best of Luck on the Exam!!!