Adolescence - puberty
Objectives Understand what happens in adolescence. Explain why these changes happen and when they happen.
Activity Between the ages of about 10-15, big physical changes start to happen in the body. What sort of changes will occur during this time? You have a body outline- draw in changes for both male and female
Puberty The period of time in which these physical changes happens is called puberty. Although it may start (usually) between ages 10-15, it may not finish until around 18. Girls generally start puberty before boys.
Physical changes in girls Hair and stronger body smell Ovaries start to release eggs
Puberty in girls Hair under arms and stronger body smell. Breasts develop. Ovaries start to release eggs (periods). Hips get wider. Pubic hair grows. Vaginal discharge is produced. Grow taller. Mood changes. Spots (acne).
Physical changes in boys Deeper voice Stronger body smell Testes and penis get bigger. Testes start to make sperm.
Puberty in boys Voice breaks. Shoulders get wider. Hair on face, under arms and on chest. Stronger body smell. Pubic hair grows. Testes and penis gets bigger. Testes start to make sperm. Mood changes. Spots (acne).
Hormones These changes are initiated by hormones. Hormones cause lots of changes in mind and body!
Physical Development Physical development is not just controlled by genetics Over a hundred years ago girls did not start their periods until they were 16 Why do you think this is? Diet? Increased body weight Our environment interacts with genetics
Looking after yourself :) Personal hygiene- washing genitals (girls- avoid soap!) Use antiperspirant. Girls- periods will mean using sanitary towels or tampons.
Periods What is a period? Every month, an egg is released. The uterus lining builds up ready to receive the egg if it is fertilised. If the egg is not fertilised, the uterus lining breaks down and is lost through the vagina. This is called menstruation or 'having a period'. A period normally lasts 3-7 days.
Menstruation
Periods 3-7 days: woman has her period (uterus lining is shed and she bleeds). Immediately, another egg starts to mature in the ovary. The lining of the uterus starts to build up again. Day 14: the egg is released (ovulation). The egg is swept along the oviduct by cilia. If it meets a sperm it may be fertilised. If this happens, the fertilised egg implants in the uterus lining and the woman's periods stop. About 14 days later (day 28):If the egg is not fertilised, the egg and uterus lining are shed as a period. This is the menstrual cycle.
Periods http://www.channel4embarrassingillnesses.com/video/doctor-response/doctor-responses-periods / http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mlix0HCelbg&feature=PlayList&p=4E4919AF7449C6BC&playnext_from=PL&playnext=1&index=3
Menstrual cycle:
Intellectual development Will be in secondary school/ college Learns to think in different ways- this can sometimes lead to arguments with parents or can exercise power over peers Understand more difficult concepts Synthesis information- blend Solve problems in head
Emotional development Will look to peers for emotional support Hormonal changes- mood swings Look for a sense of personal identity- may react against parents ideas Personality is developed- due to personality, experiences and characteristic Insecurity
Social development Need for independence away from parents/ carers Need to fit in with peer group Begin to look for a partner May try new things Can you think of some ideas? Mind map Kevin becomes a teenager - BBC comedy - YouTube
Task Chose one area from the mind map: Discuss why teenagers try it Discuss the positive and negative effects Discuss long term consequences