1. The Reproductive System
BrainPOP: Reproductive System

2. Your body makes body cells and sex cells.
Body cells  bone cells, muscle cells, blood cells, etc.
Sex cells  egg (in females)
and sperm (in males)

3. Parts of the Reproductive Systems
MALE
FEMALE
Penis
Scrotum
Testes (testicles)
Vas deferens (sperm duct)
Epididymis
Seminal vesicle
Urethra
Sperm (spermatozoon- singular, spermatozoa-plural)
Vagina
Cervix
Uterus
Oviduct (Fallopian tube)
Ovaries
Egg (ovum- singular, ova-plural)
* Females also have a urethra, but its purpose is for urination, not reproduction!

4. (sperm duct)
Seminal vesicle
Prostate
gland
Penis

5. (Oviduct)

6. Ovum (egg cell) Female sex cell
Contains half of the genetic information (DNA) necessary for a complete organism
Can typically be seen by the naked eye (when fully matured)
About 0.12 mm

7. Sperm cell Male sex cell
Contains half the genetic information (DNA) necessary for a complete organism
Only about mm

8. What is sexual reproduction?
When two sex cells (sperm and egg) come together to produce a new unique organism. A fertilized egg is called a zygote.
FEED
ME! =
BBC Bite Size: Reproduction

9. You were the once the fastest swimmer!
Only one sperm will make it into an egg. Once the egg is penetrated by one sperm, its membrane changes and does not allow any more in!
Baby Center: Fertilization

10. Pathway of Sperm Out of the Body
Show the path taken by sperm starting with the testes and ending with leaving the body
Sperm leaves the testes (where they were produced) and are stored in the epididymis. Then, sperm travels through the sperm duct (vas deferens).
Sperm cells mix with fluid, called semen, from the seminal vesicle and prostate gland. This provides the sperm with liquid to be able to swim, and food so that they have energy.
The sperm duct connects to the urethra
... which carries the sperm out of the body. This is called ejaculation.
Pathway of Sperm Out of the Body

11. Fun Fact!
A female is born with over 1 million eggs in her ovaries. By the time she reaches puberty, she'll have about 300,000 eggs left. Of these, only about 300 eggs will mature and be released during her reproductive years. All eggs are stored in a woman's ovaries.

12. Puberty: What's Happening to my Body?

13. What is puberty and what happens?
Puberty is a time in your life when your body changes from a child’s to an adult’s.
Usually happens between years of age.
Happens faster/slower and sooner/later in different people.
After puberty, your bodies are able to reproduce.
Girls – Start to release eggs
Boys – Start to make sperm cell

14. Some changes that may occur…
Girls
Boys
Get taller and heavier
Hips get wider and more curvy
Face changes shape
Oily skin and hair, pimples
Voices get a little deeper
Hair grows under the armpits and around the genitals
Hair on arms and legs grows darker
Breasts get larger
Body sweats more
Internal and external sex organs grow
May have mood swings, sexual thoughts and feelings.
Get taller and heavier
Nose and jaw get bigger
Face changes shape
Get more muscles
Oily skin and hair, pimples
Body sweats more
Hair grows on the face, under armpits, around the genitals
May get more hair on arms, legs and chest
Voice gets deeper
Penis and testicles grow
May have mood swings, sexual thoughts and feelings

15. The Menstrual Cycle
Hormones control the entire menstrual cycle! The menstrual cycle of a human female averages 28 days.

16. ** Egg must be fertilized within 24 hours or it usually breaks down**
PHASE 1
PHASE 2
Starts with menstrual flow- blood and tissue released from uterus.
This is called menstruation and usually lasts 4 to 6 days.
Hormones cause uterus lining to thicken
Ovulation- the release of an egg from an ovary.
** Egg must be fertilized within 24 hours or it usually breaks down**

17. What is ovulation?
When egg is released from a female’s ovary and travels through the Fallopian tube (oviduct) every month.

18. If the egg is NOT fertilized…
If no sperm fertilizes the egg, it will continue to travel through the Fallopian tubes to the uterus and then exit the body through the vagina.
Kids Health: Menstruation Animation

19. If the egg is fertilized…
The female is now pregnant!
The combination of the egg and sperm is called a zygote. The cells in the zygote then begin mitosis (to divide) and grow.

20. Emission- “discharge”
Nocturnal Emission
Nocturnal- “night”
Emission- “discharge”
Also called a “wet dream”.
This is a completely natural event
that occurs when a male ejaculates
in his sleep.
Some boys experience this sometime
during puberty as a result of the
body making testosterone.

21. Stages of baby development
Pregnancy
Stages of baby development

22. A human baby will have a complete set of 46 chromosomes in the nucleus of all its cells. (23 from the mother, 23 from the father) The last set of chromosomes determines the sex of the baby.

23. Chromosome Numbers in Other Organisms
Animals
Plants
Shrimp
Dog
Cow
Elephant
Dolphin
Mosquito
Cotton plant
Pineapple
Potato
Mango
Rice
Bean

24. Girl?
Boy? or

26. What are some important things that happen during this time?
Weeks
What are some important things that happen during this time?
1-9
10-14
15-20
21-27
28-37
Labor/Birth

27. While watching the following videos, fill in your “Pregnancy Stages Chart” with details about the baby’s development.
Baby Center: Weeks 1-9
Weeks 10-14
Weeks 15-20
Weeks 21-27
Weeks 28-37

28. Labor and Birth
While watching this video, fill in your chart with any changes that the female body goes through to prepare for child birth. Labor and Birth

29. Menopause POSSIBLE SYMPTOMS:
Menopause is when a woman’s ovaries stop producing estrogen, she stops ovulating and no longer gets her period.
Usually happens at 45 to 60 years of age.
Women cannot get pregnant after this happens.
POSSIBLE SYMPTOMS:
-hot flashes
-mood changes

30. Ask the Experts! http://kidshealth.org/teen/