SOCIAL CHANGE

Movements: Reactionary and Conservative Reactionary Try to prevent a type of social change and return society to a past way of being Often use of fear or violence Example: KKK Former KKK leaderFormer KKK leader Conservative Try to protect prevailing values from what are seen as threats to those values Example: Religious values

Movements: Revisionary and Revolutionary Revisionary Try to improve some part of society through social change Usually use legal methods and focus on a single issue Example: Civil Rights Movement - The Greensboro FourThe Greensboro Four Revolutionary Seek a total radical change of existing social structure Overthrow of existing government and replace it with their own vision American Revolution - The Story of UsThe Story of Us

Life Cycle: Agitation and Legitimation Agitation First Stage: emerge from the belief that a problem exists Small group attempts to stir up awareness of the issue Most die out at this point with no resources or lack of support Legitimation Second Stage: The movement finds support The social movement becomes more respectable as it gains acceptance among the population Leaders of the movement gain respect and media attention

Life Cycle: Bureaucratization and Institutionalization Bureaucratization Third Stage: Organizational structure becomes more formal The movement has developed a ranked structure of authority Original purpose of the movement is often lost at its core Institutionalization Final Stage: Movement is an established part of society Bureaucrats begin to oversee the movement and replace the original leaders of the movement Movement begins to resist change

Theories: Relative Deprivation Relative Deprivation Theory – people join social movements because they feel deprived relative to other people or groups with whom they identify Try to gain access to things they lack but others have This theory is often used to explain revolutionary social movements Capitalism: Workers may have higher wages and better living conditions than other economic structures However the Capitalist will grow wages even quicker thus creating envy

Theories: Resource-Mobilization Resource Mobilization - The Organization and effective use of resources Resource Mobilization Theory – not even the most ill-treated group with the most just cause will be able to bring about change without resources Resources Necessary: supporters, finances, and media

Key Vocabulary Reactionary Conservative Revisionary Revolutionary Agitation Legitimation Bureaucratization Institutionalization Relative Deprivation Theory Resource Mobilization Resource Mobilization Theory