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Politics under a sociology microscope concerns social interactions among individuals and groups and their impact on the larger political and economic order.

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Presentation on theme: "Politics under a sociology microscope concerns social interactions among individuals and groups and their impact on the larger political and economic order."— Presentation transcript:

1 Politics under a sociology microscope concerns social interactions among individuals and groups and their impact on the larger political and economic order.

2  Power is the ability to exercise one’s will over another being.  Power relations involve large organizations, small groups, or even people in an intimate relationship such as in a marriage.  Power is seen both on the global and national stage as corporations vie to control access of resources on both fronts and manage the distribution of capital.

3 Who Holds the Power in your household?

4 Force-Actual or threatened use of coercion to impose one will over others. Influence – Exercise of power through the process of persuasion. Authority – Institutionalized power that is recognized by the people over whom it is exercised. Most authority is through the gaining of elected or publicly acknowledged positions. A person’s authority is often limited to certain powers that are entitled to their position.

5 Weber identified three different types of ideal authority:  Traditional  Rational-Legal  Charismatic Weber did not insist that only one type of authority exists for each society, but that a mixture of these authorities are at play in most societies.

6  Legitimate power is conferred by custom and accepted practice.  Rests in custom rather then personal characteristics, technical competence, or written law.  Power is accepted because that is the way things have always been done. Traditional authority becomes absolute when the ruler has the ability to determine laws and policies unchallenged.

7  Power that is created by legitimate law. Power is received from written rules and regulations of the political system.  Leaders that are chosen are thought to have specific areas of competence and authority, but by no means are considered endowed with divine powers given from a higher being.

8  Power that is made legitimate by a leader’s exceptional personal or emotional appeal to his or her followers.  Charisma allows a person to lead or inspire without relying on set rules or traditions.  Leaders who use charismatic authority often gain power by breaking established institutions and advocating dramatic change in social structure.

9 What authorities are seen in the United States? Elaborate

10 There are five types of governments that exist: 1) Oligarchy 2) Monarchy 3) Dictatorship 4) Totalitarianism 5) Democracy

11  A form of government that is headed by one member of the royal family.  Leader is seen as being blessed with divine power.  Rulers in a monarchy gain their power from tradition.  Today most monarchs have little power.

12  A few individuals share power and make decisions.  Power can be gained by elections or by force, usually between military rulers.  Some argue that democracy at its base is a oligarchy ruled by “ Elite Leaders” in big business, government, and the military.

13  One person has all the power, including the ability to create and enforce laws that he/she seems fit.  Rule is usually acquired and reinforced by coercion and force.  Most dictators seize power rather then elected, however some dictators have received their power through elections but refused to surrender their power.  Dictators usually have charisma and are majorly popular in the nation however some dictators are also hated by the people they control.  Most dictators stay in power due to the fear they establish in the people that they rule over.

14  The government virtually controls and keeps surveillance over all aspects of life.

15 Democracy originated in Greece and means “The Common People Rule” There are two different types of democracy: 1) Representative Democracy 2) Direct Democracy Direct democracy is impractical and impossible in largely populated nations such as the United States therefore the most common democracy seen today is a representative democracy.

16  Voters elect individuals with similar views who speak for the people and cast votes on issues that appeal to the voters that elected them.  Representative democracy works best when every citizen casts a ballot for someone to represent them.  When people fail to exercise their right to vote the entire country is not being heard as majority.

17 Is a representative democracy really democracy at its root?

18 If not explain what type of government representative democracy falls under.

19  Over the last 100 years voter turnout has declined drastically from 80% to a little more then 60%.  The U.S. is ranked 114 th in voter turnout. No other industrialized nation has ever recorded a lower turnout.  Voter turnout is low among members of racial and ethnic minorities.

20  Political strength is lacking in women, both at the polls and in elected seats.  Only 16 out of 100 senators are women as of 2007.  It has been seen that female canidates are seen differently in the media then male canidates, one reason why people believe women have not been successful at the polls.  The U.S.ranks 84 th out of 189 nations in the proportion of women serving as national legislation as of 2007.  To combat this many countries have established laws that set aside a certain amount of seats for women. 32 countries as of right now have some sort o women quota.

21 Wait a second …. Voting is free and allows you to have a say in your government. What are some reasons that explain why many people do not vote?

22  Karl Marx believed that 19 th century democracy was faulty. He believed that industrial societies were controlled by a small amount of people who owned factories and controlled natural resources.  Marx believed that society was ruled by a small group of individuals that had similar political and economic interests.

23  Mills describes a small group of military, big business, and government leaders who control the fate of the United States.  The difference between Karl Marx and Mill’s theory is that Mills believed that the economically powerful coordinate their manuevers with the military and political establishments to serve their interests.


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