Calligraphy しょどう By: Alexandria B. & Amanda M. 日本語１０

oOriginated from cave paintings oIs traced back to the origins of China oMany of the principles and techniques are similar to the Chinese oMost often written with ink ( すみ） on mulberry paper ( わし） Calligraphy

Writing Styles oSeal Script ( てんしょ） oClerical Script （れいしょ） oRegular Script （かいしょ） oSemi Cursive （ぎょしょ） oCursive （そしょ）

Seal Script ( てんしょ） Translation: decorative engraving script Became standard; was adopted as formal script Decorative engraving and signets

Clerical Script ( れいしょ） Translation: chancery script Archaic style of Chinese calligraphy Used by artists; headlines, signboards, advertisements Similar to regular script Square and wide Dominant rightward or downward diagonal strokes

Regular Script ( かいしょ） Newest form of Chinese script Very few wrote in this script Not dominant until 5th century Mature stylistically during Tang Dynasty

Semi Cursive ( ぎゃしょ） Translation: running script Used as style of handwriting Created in Han Dynasty

Cursive Script ( さしょ） Translation: grass script Faster to write, difficult to read Origin of Japanese hiragana script Thought suitable for women

Washi ( わし） Made from bark of Gampi tree, Mitsumata shrub, bamboo, hemp, rice, wheat, paper mulberry Types of washi: Ganpishi, Kozogami, Mitsumatagami

Ganpishi ( 雁皮紙） A smooth, shiny surface used for books and crafts Used to be called Hishi ( 皮脂）

Kozogami （こぞがみ） Made from paper mulberry Most widely used type of washi Tough texture and closer to cloth

Mitsumatagami （みつたが み） Is ivory- coloured and a fine surface Used to print paper money in the Meiji period

Bunchin ( ぶんちん） A paperweight used to hold calligraphy paper Dates to mid Japanese Showa period ( )

Suzuri ( すずり） A stone used to grind the ink stone Originated in east Asian calligraphy and painting and other forms of brush painting

Shitajiki ( したじき） Used to prevent marks on sheet below Creates a better surface to write on Generally made of plastic

Sumi ( すみ） Type of brush painting known as wash painting Developed in China during Tang Dynasty ( ) Ink is often made of pine or oil soot combined with animal glue

Fude ( ふで） Traditional Chinese ink brush used for calligraphy and traditional paintings Stalk made of bamboo, gold, silver, jade, ivory, red sandalwood, spotted bamboo Hair of brush made of goat, siberian weasel, pig, mouse, buffalo, wold, rabbit hair, tiger, fowl, deer or even baby hair (usually from first hair cut)