Study Questions 1. What is Industrialization? (Glossary) 2. What is Imperialism? (Glossary) 3. What is Nationalism? (Glossary) 4. List three Natural Resources? (Notes)

Review ► Industrialization ► Imperialism ► Europeans create colonies in Africa ► Europeans seek: -Natural Resources -New Markets -Spread Religion ► Modern Tech ► Social Darwinism ► African Resistance ► England creates a colony in India ► “Jewel in the crown” ► Sepoy’s ► Opium!

California State Standard ► 10:4:4 ► Describe the independence struggles of the colonized regions of the world, including the roles of leaders such as Sun Yat-sen in China, and the roles of ideology and religion.

Objectives 1. Why did China fall behind the West during the 1800s? 2. What are Extraterritorial Rights? 3. What is an Open Door Policy? 4. Who were the Boxers and what was their objective?

► What do you know about China?

China Resists Outside Influence: Ch ► Main Idea: Western econ. pressure forces China to open to foreign trade and influence. ► Why it Matters: China is becoming an increasingly important member of the global community.

China Great Britain India

Setting the Stage: Objective 1 ► 1793 ► Sino-centric- China was the Center of the universe. (Out of pride in their culture the Chinese looked down on all foreigners) ► West had nothing to offer China? ► Many inventions came out of china- Paper, gunpowder ► Built Great Wall of China Why? ► Didn't modernize during Industrial Revolution

China and the West ’s ► Qing Dynasty  China was able to reject the West  China was self sufficient- Able to provide for themselves without the help of others

► Cont. 1. Healthy agricultural econ.  Quick growing strain of rice.  Spanish and Portuguese bring maize, sweet potatoes, peanuts 2.Mining – Salt, tin, silver, iron – Provide work for 1000’s 3.Manufacturing – Silk, cotton, porcelain – Provides work for 1000’s

Trade was in favor of China ► Exports= $$$ ► British introduce opium from India ( 1835) ► Silver used to buy opium ► 12 million people become addicted

► 1839 Opium War  Euro. Tech Wins ( Steam-powered gunboats –vs- outdated ships) ► Chinese Lose: ► Treaty of Nanjing : ► British gain: Hong Kong  1844 ► Extraterritorial Rights:  Foreigners not subject to Chinese laws ► Leads to resentment External Forces: Objective 2 Opium War

► 1899 Open Door Policy  Open Trade?  China’s doors open to trade with merchants of all nations  Created by US, agreed to by Europeans ► **US wanted to insure American traders would not be shut out.** External Forces Cont.: Objective 3

Chinese Hardship ► 430 million people ► Not enough rice ► Foreigners dominate China ► Chinese unhappy and w/ change ► Uprisings: Taiping & Boxer

Growing Internal Problems ► Taiping Rebellion:  Leader Hong Xiuquan  Militaristic Cult: “Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace” ► Share the wealth, no poor What does this sound like? ► 1850 Taiping army over 1 million. Taiping Rebellion

Growing Internal Problems Cont.  Taiping Goals:  Rid Foreign Domination (Demons)  Destroy the Chinese Government  Take power of China  Outcome:  British, French, Qing attack Taiping army ► Movement collapses ► Largest rebellion in history  **20 Million Chinese die**

Chinese Nationalism: Objective 4 ► Chinese humiliated by the loss of power  1900 The Boxer Rebellion ► Boxer: poor peasants and farmers  Resented privileges of foreigners ► March into Beijing surround European sections of city  Rid Foreign Domination  Slaughter Europeans  Christian Chinese ► European forces defeat Boxers  **Chinese nationalism emerges** Boxer Rebellion

► Beginning of Reform  Chinese send officials on world tour to study:  US, France, England, Germany, Japan  (1906) China adopts constitutional monarchy.  Want “full” constitutional govt. by ► Unrest for the next four decades slows this process ► Another Asia Country will suffer from Imperialism… Sun Yat-sen Mao Zedong

Which Asian Country will be Next?

Summary ► Chinese Resist Outside Influence ► Opium War ► Open Door Policy ► Taiping Rebellion ► Boxer Rebellion

Objectives 1. Why did China fall behind the West during the 1800s? 2. What are Extraterritorial Rights? 3. What is an Open Door Policy? 4. Who were the Boxers and what was their objective?

Classwork/Homework Workbook Pages: 49 & 50