Kingdom Animalia Coach Sykora Biology -- Midway High School

Kingdom Animalia The Kingdom Animalia consists of multicellular eukaryotes with no cell wall that move to obtain food. Animal cells DO NOT have a cell wall. Animals are heterotrophs. They must consume food for energy and nutrients

2 Categories of Animals Animals can be divided into two categories: 1.Invertebrates = do not have a backbone 2.Vertebrates = do have a backbone

Invertebrates Invertebrates include sponges. Most sponges live in the ocean and are filter feeders. Although they are attached at the base, they move flagella to filter water and food particles through their pores.

Cnidarians This group of invertebrates include: 1.Jellyfish 2.Coral 3.Sea Anemones This group of invertebrates has tentacles with stinging cells.

Cnidarians cont’ This group also includes: 1.Flatworms 2.Tapeworms – parasite in intestines 3.Roundworms 4.Hookworm – feed in small intestines causing bleeding 5.Segmented worms -- earthworms

Mollusks The mollusks have a muscular foot for movement and a mantle. In mollusks with shells, the mantle secretes the shell. This group includes: 1.Clams 2.Oysters 3.Snails 4.Octopus 5.Squid 6.Chambered Nautilus

Arthropods Arthropods have jointed appendages, exoskeleton, and body segments. 1.Archnids – spiders, ticks and mites 2.Crustaceans – lobsters, crabs, crawfish 3.Insects – fly, grasshopper, ladybug 4.Centipedes and Millipedes

Echinoderms They move by tiny tube feet, have spiny skin, and live in the ocean. Examples: 1.Sea Star 2.Sea Cucumber 3.Sand Dollar

Kingdom Animalia -- Vertebrates Kingdom Animalia – Phylum Chordata – Subphylum Vertebrata Vertebrates are animals with a backbone. Interesting Facts of Vertebrates: 1.In most birds, the male and females can be easily distinguished. 2.There are approximately 52,000 species of vertebrates. 3.About 95% of fish have skeletons made of bones. “Bony Fish”

Vertebrates Vertebrates include: 1.Jawless Fish – Ex. Lamprey 2.Cartilaginous Fish – have skeletons made of cartilage / Exs. Shark and Sting Ray 3.Bony Fish – have skeletons made of bone 4.Amphibians – they have thin moist skin, must return to water for reproduction, eggs lack a protective shell and must be laid in water. Amphibian means “double life”. Exs. Frogs, Toads, and Salamanders

Vertebrates 5. Reptiles – reptiles are adapted for life on land with scales, internal fertilization, and an amniotic egg. 6. Birds (Aves) – have adaptations for flight such as hollow bones, feathers, and wings. Birds are warm blooded (endotherms). A bird’s beak and feet are adapted for what they eat and where they live. 7. Mammals – Warm blooded, have hair, feed their young milk, have a diaphragm and a 4 chambered heart.

Review Questions 1.How are animal cells different from plant cells? 2.How are arthropods different from mollusks? How are they the same? 3.Discuss 3 adaptations reptiles have for survival on land. 4.Describe the beak and feet of a bird adapted for swimming and filtering small fish from water.