1 U.S. Naval Forces Europe U.S. Naval Forces Africa Commander SIXTH FLEET “Maritime Domain Awareness Perspectives” Mediterranean Security 2012 January 2012

2 What is MDA ? Challenges Prerequisites for Success Solutions –MSSIS –SEA VISION Summary Agenda

3 Maritime Domain Awareness The effective understanding of anything associated with the maritime domain that could impact the security, safety, economy, or environment of a nation.

4 Prerequisites for Success Acquiring and sharing maritime information with a broad array of partners reduces vulnerability to attack and improves cooperation toward maritime security and safety. Governmental agencies and international partners recognize benefits of cooperating to achieve common maritime security goals and perceive positive return on investment. Both the greatest advances in and most significant challenges to improving MDA involve overcoming legal, policy, and cultural barriers to sharing information. The Global Maritime Community Of Interest (GMCOI) cannot afford a unilateral approach to improving MDA.

5 MDA Solution Detection - Access and integrate maritime data already collected by GMCOI Data Sharing - The ability to share information requires a trusted collaboration environment Fusion and Analysis - The GMCOI must enhance its tool set to process and analyze the ever increasing amount of maritime data, all source information and detect key anomalies Dissemination - Migrate away from traditional point-to- point bi-lateral information networks to a federated regional architecture wherein data is exposed and discoverable based on a user’s preferences Integrate existing systems/networks and share information to the maximum extent possible

6 Maritime Safety and Security Information System (MSSIS) Collects and distributes worldwide, open source AIS data Participants voluntarily share national AIS information. In return participants have access to all AIS in the network Participants upload/view AIS data on TV32 software (developed by Volpe) Some participants use a hardware device that negates the requirement for a PC Developed, hosted and maintained by US Department of Transportation Volpe Center Volpe provides operations and maintenance support for NAVAF servers Seven country visits per year Sever upgrades in FY13

MSSIS PARTICIPATING NATIONS (July NATIONS) ACTIVE PARTICIPANTS ALBANIAESTONIAKENYAPOLAND ARGENTINAFINLANDLIBERIAPORTUGAL AUSTRALIAFRANCELITHUANIAROMANIA BAHRAINGABONMALTASAO TOME & PRINCIPE BELGIUMGAMBIAMAURITANIASENEGAL BENINGEORGIAMAURITIUSSEYCHELLES BRAZILGERMANYMEXICOSINGAPORE BULGARIAGHANAMONTENEGROSLOVENIA CAMEROONGREECEMOROCCOSPAIN CANADAGUINEAMOZAMBIQUESWEDEN CAPE VERDEICELANDNETHERLANDSTOGO CHILEIRAQNEW ZEALANDTUNISIA COLOMBIAISRAELNIGERIATURKEY CROATIAITALYNORWAYUKRAINE DENMARKJAMAICAOMANUNITED KINGDOM DJIBOUTIJAPANPAKISTANUNITED STATES DOMINICAN REP.JORDANPERUURUGUAY PENDING AND/OR UNDER CONSIDERATION INDIAIRELANDPHILIPPINES COSTA RICATIMOR LESTE

Ghana Nigeria Gabon Cameroon STP MSSIS - Gulf of Guinea

GhanaCote D’Ivore Liberia Nigeria Cameroon Gabon Congo Togo Benin Sat AIS increases data by 157% Allows easy access (through web) for interagency MDA partners. Vastly increases the range of data (400 NM +) Covers areas of coast not covered by Terrestrial AIS Doesn’t require equipment maintenance Adding Satellite AIS

Maritime Surveillance System (MSS) Surveillance system consisting of radars, AIS, and data fusion display Data fusion display provides radar with overlayed AIS data Connected to MSSIS Some installs complete, others in progress Senegal Sierra Leone Nigeria Cameroon Gabon Tanzania Mozambique Seychelles Mauritius

Regional Maritime Awareness Capability (RMAC) Surveillance system consisting of radars, cameras, AIS, and data fusion display Data fusion display provides vessel track stitching using radar with overlayed AIS data. Connected to MSSIS Originally in Nigeria and Sao Tome and Principe. Developed by NAVAIR Djibouti and Kenya installs were 1206 DJ expansion Kenya. One node installed, others pending Nigeria expanding RMAC to afloat platform (NNS THUNDER) Surface Surveillance Day/Thermal Cameras AIS Tracking

12 SEA VISION Hosted by The Volpe Center Web-based MSSIS backbone Available to any MSSIS Member Expandable –Data feeds (in progress) –Threat detection/evaluation (future)

13 Includes Ship Information Each box is a block of ships

14 Includes Tracking

Threat Detection Computer Aided Maritime Threat Assessment System (CAMTES)

16 Rule Based Alerts

Satellite Radar Successfully demonstrated publishing RADARSAT ship detections into SEA VISION Green and blue – AIS Pink – SAR ship detections Green – AIS Red – RADARSAT ship detections Research off Lagos observed a large number of vessels in SAR which were not transmitting AIS. –On average 85% or more. –Many vessels not transmitting AIS of significant length- most likely > 300GT.

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