Documenting

Plagiarism What constitutes plagiarism? The false assumption of authorship. The false assumption of authorship.

Plagiarism How to avoid plagiarism? To give credit to the original writer, or to supply source reference. To give credit to the original writer, or to supply source reference.

How to Document Sources Where You Use Them in Your Text The MLA Documentation System The MLA Documentation System the MLA parenthetical style the MLA parenthetical style the MLA endnote style the MLA endnote style the MLA footnote style the MLA footnote style the MLA number style the MLA number style The APA Documentation System The APA Documentation System

The MLA Parenthetical Style Insert a parenthesis after the borrowed information to provide the source by briefly noting the author ’ s surname and the page number you have referred to. Insert a parenthesis after the borrowed information to provide the source by briefly noting the author ’ s surname and the page number you have referred to.e.g. “ Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC ” (Marcuse 197). “ Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC ” (Marcuse 197).References Marcuse, Sibyl. A survey of Musical Instruments. Marcuse, Sibyl. A survey of Musical Instruments. New York: Harper, New York: Harper, 1975.

If the author’s name is mentioned in the text, only the page number appears in the citation. If the author’s name is mentioned in the text, only the page number appears in the citation. e.g. Marcuse said that “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (197). Marcuse said that “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (197).

If more than one work by the author is in the list of works cited, a shortened version of the title is given. If more than one work by the author is in the list of works cited, a shortened version of the title is given.e.g. “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (Marcuse, Survey 197). “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (Marcuse, Survey 197).

If your list contains more than one author with the same last name, you must add the first initial. If your list contains more than one author with the same last name, you must add the first initial. If the initial is shared too, the full first name. If the initial is shared too, the full first name. “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (J. Marcuse 203-4). “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (J. Marcuse 203-4). “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (John L. Marcuse 203-4). “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (John L. Marcuse 203-4).

If the work has two or three authors, give the last name of each person listed. If the work has two or three authors, give the last name of each person listed. If the work has more than three authors, follow the form in the references entry. If the work has more than three authors, follow the form in the references entry. If there is a corporate author, use its name, shortened or in full followed by a page reference. If there is a corporate author, use its name, shortened or in full followed by a page reference.

If the work /article is listed by title, use the title, shortened or in full. If the work /article is listed by title, use the title, shortened or in full.e.g. A presidential commission reported in 1970 that recent campus protests had focused on “racial injustice, war, and the university itself” (Report 3). A presidential commission reported in 1970 that recent campus protests had focused on “racial injustice, war, and the university itself” (Report 3). A New York Times editorial called Ralph Ellison “ a writer of universal reach ” ( “ Death ” 25). A New York Times editorial called Ralph Ellison “ a writer of universal reach ” ( “ Death ” 25).References “Death of a Writer.” Editorial. New York Times 20 Apr. 1994, late ed.:A18. Report of the President’s Commission on Campus Unrest. New York: Arno, 1970.

APA vs. MLA MLA “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (Marcuse 197). “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (Marcuse 197).APA “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (Marcuse, 1975). “Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC” (Marcuse, 1975).ReferencesMLA Marcuse, Sibyl. A Survey of Musical Instruments. Marcuse, Sibyl. A Survey of Musical Instruments. New York: Harper, New York: Harper, 1975.APA Marcuse, S. (1975). A survey of musical instruments. Marcuse, S. (1975). A survey of musical instruments. New York: Harper. New York: Harper.

The MLA Endnote Style A raised number is given to each piece of borrowed information in the text. Then at the end of the charter or the paper, a list of notes corresponding to the numbers is provided. A raised number is given to each piece of borrowed information in the text. Then at the end of the charter or the paper, a list of notes corresponding to the numbers is provided. This feature is important to composition pedagogy as well, because “in teaching writing, we are tacitly teaching a version of reality.” 2 This feature is important to composition pedagogy as well, because “in teaching writing, we are tacitly teaching a version of reality.” 2 Notes (to be found at the end of chapter or article) 2. Berlin 766 References (to be found at the end of the book or article after the notes) Berlin, J. A. Contemporary Composition: The Major Pedagogical Theories. New York: Harper, 1988.

The MLA Footnote Style ---This feature is important to composition pedagogy as well, because “in teaching writing, we are tacitly teaching a version of reality.” 2 ---This feature is important to composition pedagogy as well, because “in teaching writing, we are tacitly teaching a version of reality.” 2 ---_________________________________ Notes (to be found at the bottom of the page) 1. Smith Berlin 766 References (to be found at the end of the book or article ) Berlin, J. A. Contemporary Composition: The Major Pedagogical Theories. New York: Harper, 1988.

Some Styles of Documentation Author /Page Author /Page MLA MLA Author / Year Style Author / Year Style APA style (the American Psychological Association) APA style (the American Psychological Association) Anthropology Economics Political science Business Archeology Education Psychology Sociology Astronomy Linguistics Physical education CBE style (Council of Biology Editors) CBE style (Council of Biology Editors) Biology physiology Botany zoology Biology physiology Botany zoology USGS style (U.S. Geological Survey) USGS style (U.S. Geological Survey) Geology Geology

Footnote / Endnote Style Footnote / Endnote Style Art History Philosophy Art History Philosophy Dance Music Religion Dance Music Religion Number Style Number Style Computer science Health and medicine Computer science Health and medicine ACS style (American Chemical Society) ACS style (American Chemical Society) Chemistry Chemistry AIP style (American Institute of Physics) AIP style (American Institute of Physics) Physics Physics AMS style (American Mathematical Society) AMS style (American Mathematical Society) Mathematics Mathematics