Socrates and his student Plato believed the mind was separate from the body, the mind continued to exist after death, and ideas were innate. Socrates.

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Presentation transcript:

Socrates and his student Plato believed the mind was separate from the body, the mind continued to exist after death, and ideas were innate. Socrates Plato

Aristotle suggested that the soul is not separable from the body and that knowledge (ideas) grow from experience.

Descartes, like Plato, believed in soul (mind)-body separation, but wondered how the immaterial mind and physical body communicated.

Bacon is one of the founders of modern science, particularly the experimental method.

Locke held that the mind was a tabula rasa, or blank sheet, at birth, and experiences wrote on it. biografieonline.it/img/bio/John_Locke.jpg

Wundt – 1 st Psychology Lab and acknowledgement of Psychology as a separate science. Focus on Introspection - the ability to describe thoughts, feelings and emotions. “How does that make you feel?” Strengths: Influenced experimental psychology Criticisms: Introspection can be viewed a subjective and can lead to a lack of validity.

Influenced by Darwin, William James established the school of functionalism, which opposed structuralism. James ( ) Mary Calkins

Sigmund Freud and his followers emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind and its effects on human behaviour. Freud ( )

Watson (1913) and later Skinner emphasized the study of overt behaviour as the subject matter of scientific psychology. Watson ( ) Skinner ( )

If you could not remember the names of your parents and went to a psychologist who adheres to the neuroscience perspective, what might they say?

What might a psychoanalyst say is the reason someone always needs to be chewing gum?

The conscious. The small amount of mental activity we know about. The preconscious. Things we could be aware of if we wanted or tried. The unconscious. Things we are unaware of and can not become aware of. Thoughts Perceptions Memories Stored knowledge Fears Unacceptable sexual desires Violent motives Irrational wishes Immoral urges Selfish needs Shameful experiences Traumatic experiences Bad Worse Really Bad

Thinking BehaviourEmotion Perception Information Behaviour CognitionReal World

Meet girl Get Rejected by girl Did you learn to be depressed Or get back on the horse

If you bit your fingernails when you were nervous, a behaviourist would not focus on calming you down, but rather focus on how to stop you from biting your nails.