7 th grade Review for 1.2

Producer/ Consumer  Cell part that produces is a chloroplast.  Cell part that controls what enters and leaves is a cell membrane.  Cell part that contains DNA and controls cell nucleus.  Cell part that breaks down food for energy mitochondria.  The animal cell has a small one and the plant cell has a large vacuole.

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic  EukaryoticProkaryotic  One or more cellssingle cell  Nucleusno nucleus  Cell membranecell membrane  Cytoplasmcytoplasm

Cell Membrane vs. Cell Wall  Cell membrane is a protective flexible barrier that controls what enters and leaves the cell  Cell wall is a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell

Flagella and Cilia  Flagella- helps cell travel with whipping action  Cilia- helps cell move with tiny hairs

Animal and Plant Cells  Animal:  Cell Membrane – Controls what enters and exits the cell  Mitochondria – Converts glucose into energy for the cell  Cytoplasm – gel like fluid that the organelle move in  Vacuole – Holds water, nutrients, and waste  Nucleus – controls the activities of the cell, where DNA can be found  Plants:  Cell wall: to provide structure and protection  Chloroplasts: where photosynthesis occurs, contains chlorophyll

Photosynthesis  Radiant energy is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into a chemical energy called glucose and a byproduct of oxygen. Carbon dioxide enters the plant via the stoma and travels to the chloroplast. Water enters the roots and travels to the chloroplast where the chemical bonds of both compounds are broken. Through the process of photosynthesis the atoms of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon are then formed into a glucose compound. The left over oxygen is discarded from the plant through the stoma as a waste product. Only plants go through photosynthesis!

Photosynthesis  Carbon dioxide plus water and radiant energy yield glucose and oxygen  6CO2 + 6H2O ==> C6H12O6 + 6O2.  Reactants: Carbon dioxide, water, radiant energy  Products: Glucose and oxygen

Our essential data: copy into your journal OrganellesOrganelle ‘s chemical reaction Reactants (ingredients for reaction) Products (end- product) Energy Transformati on Chloroplast Photosynthes is Radiant energy + 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 (chemical energy) + 6O 2 Radiant  Chemical Mitochondri a RespirationC 6 H 12 O 6 (chemical energy) + 6O 2 ATP (chemical energy) + 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O Chemical  Chemical