SSUSH14
Overview United states entered the world stage equal traditional powers like Britain and France. Due to the Spanish-American war the U.S. will emerge as a great world power. America becomes increasingly anti-cultural due to immigrant groups looking for opportunity. Not only did European immigrants face discrimination on the east coast, Asian Americans encountered racial discrimination and segregation.
Anti-Asian Sentiment on the West Coast Melting pot: a mixture of people from different cultures blending together and abandoning native tongue and customs. In response to the growth of immigration, nativism emerged. Nativism: favoritism towards native born. Nativist feared their jobs would go to Chinese immigrants. Chinese workers would work for lower wages Work was scarce due to depression
Chinese Exclusion Act Signed by President Taft This act banned Chinese entry into the U.S. for ten years under penalty of imprisonment and deportation. Reentry into the united states required certification papers(students, government officials, merchants). Lead to smuggling operations from China to the United States. Japanese laborers quickly took up the demand for cheap labor.
American Expansion Imperialism: stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories. Global Competition: Europeans colonize Africa and Asia. Factors of American Imperialism: Military strength – Build up of American Army to compete with strength of Europe- Became 3 rd strongest Naval Power between New markets- Needed raw materials for mass production caused from industrial revolution. Americans believed solution was foreign trade. Cultural superiority- Belief that Americans were superior and should spread “civilization” and Christianity.
American Expansion U.S. Acquires Alaska In 1867, William Seward arranged for the U.S. to buy Alaska from Russia for 7.2 Million. U.S. Takes Hawaii United states allows sugar to be imported into the U.S. duty free. Due to the high population of American owned plantations. McKinley Tariff of 1890 eliminated the duty free tax. American planters lost business. Planters ask U.S. to Annex Hawaii. congress declared Hawaii an American territory without a vote from Hawaiian residence.
Spanish American War 1898 Causes Cubans Rebel Against Spain Americans sympathize with Cubans (Interested in Cuba) Slavery is Abolished in Cuba giving American capitalist the opportunity to invest money in sugar cane plantations. War Fever Escalates Yellow Journalism – exaggerates the news to lure the enrage readers Th De Lome letter –From the Spanish minister to the U.S.- Published in news papers belittling the president. Explosion of U.S.S. Maine- President McKinley sent the U.S.S Maine to Cuba to bring home Americans in danger. It exploded in the Havana Harbor.
Spanish American War 1898 “Remember the Maine” – American Rally cry for U.S. intervention in Cuba The United States declares war on Spain April 20 th - After Spain agrees to almost all of Americas terms. First Battle took place on the Philippines Islands. Commodore George Dewey led America to victory over the Spanish Fleet. Forcing Spain to surrender the Philippines to the United States. The war in the Caribbean Naval success- creating a blockade stopping the Cuban navy. U.S. ground forces were weak with only volunteers. Rough Riders Theodore Roosevelt ordered for the volunteers to be trained. They were able land in Cuba and defeat the Spanish.
Spanish American War Effects Spain and America signed an armistice(cease fire) in August. Created a debate for the American Annexation of the Philippines. Treaty of Paris Spain grants Cuba independence Puerto Rico and Guam were ceded to the U.S. U.S. acquired by the U.S. for $20 million
Annexation of the Philippines President McKinley “that there was nothing left for us to do but to take them all, and to educate the Filipinos, and up life and Christianize them”. Justification for imperialism Americans Argument Violation of the Declaration of Independence- self government in new territories. Booker T. Washington believed America should settle their own race problems Samuel Gompers feared Filipino immigrants would compete for American jobs
U.S. Involvement in Latin America Panama Canal Purposes Shorten sailing time between east and west Faster movement of U.S navy Protect U.S. holdings in the Pacific
Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Issued by Theodore Roosevelt to protect the canal. In 1904, Roosevelts declared that the U.S. would intervene in Latin American countries to prevent their takeover by any other nation. Key component in Roosevelts “Big Stick” policy. U.S. will negotiate however they would use military to enforce order if needed. After invoking the Corollary, the United States intervened in the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Haiti. The policy pleased U.S. and European businessmen and angered Latin American natives.