1. Spanish American War
Lesson 1

2. Rebellion in Cuba Cuba 10 Years War Produced 1/3 of the world’s sugar
Controlled by Spain
10 Years War
Cubans rebel against Spain
Clubs across Cuba form to support rebels
Jose Marti – joins these and eventually exiled to Spain

3. Between Rebellion and War
Cubans lose the Ten Year War
Jose Marti
travels around the world raising funds and support for the Cuban cause
New rebellion starts in 1895
Marti is killed in battle
Rebels take a large portion of Cuba
Republic of Cuba is established on part of the island

4. Reasons for War Yellow Journalism favors Cubans
Sensationalist stories to sell papers
Americans hear about Spanish Re-concentration Camps were thousands die
De Lome Letter – Spanish officials mock President McKinley
The U.S. ship the Maine explodes in Havana Harbor
Jingoism – extreme nationalism and aggressive foreign policy

5. More Reasons for War Economic Imperialistic Protect U.S. interests
Expand economic opportunities
Imperialistic
Some Americans sought to acquire Cuba

6. War Declared Congress authorizes force Declares Cuba Independent
Teller Amendment
U.S. must leave Cuba free to its people after the war
Spain Declares War April 24, 1898
War Declared

7. The Philippines Controlled by Spain
Commodore George Dewey leads U.S. ships to Philippines
Capture Guam (controlled by Spain)
Emilio Aguinaldo (Filipino rebel leader) contacted by Dewey to help
Outdated Spanish fleet is destroyed and Americans capture Manila

8. Cuba Blockaded by U.S. Rough Riders
Volunteers from the west
Theodore Roosevelt 2nd in command
Defeat Spain and occupy Puerto Rico

9. Outcomes Spain Surrenders with the Treaty of Paris
U.S. gets Guam and Puerto Rico
U.S. pays Spain small fee for the Philippines
Cuba to be free
Platt Amendment – effectively makes Cuba a U.S. protectorate
America’s global prestige skyrockets

10. Annexation of the Philippines?
Naval base
Supply depot for ships going to Asia
Market for American goods
Duty to help “Less Civilized” peoples
Anti Annexation
Fear of cheap labor competing w/ U.S. would drive down wages
Violated American principles of freedom and anti-imperialism

11. American Imperialism
Lesson 2

12. Reasons for Imperialism
Imperialism ~ economic and political domination of a strong nation over a weaker one.
Reasons:
Raw materials
New markets for goods and services
Competition with Europe
New technology and advancements made it easier

13. Anti Imperialists
Imperialism went against core U.S. beliefs of self governance
Territories might undercut wages for American workers
Logistics of maintenance cost too much

14. Hawaii U.S. needed ports for refueling and supplying in the Pacific
Pearl Harbor
Sugarcane plantations
Planters force a constitution limiting the kings’ power
Planters suggest American property and citizens may be in danger
U.S. sends marines and navy
Monarchy of Queen Liliuokalani is ended in 1893
U.S. annexes Hawaii in 1898

15. Foreign Policies of the Progressive Presidents
Lesson 4

16. Theodore Roosevelt President McKinley assassinated
Favored increasing U.S. prestige and military power
“Big Stick Diplomacy”: “Speak softly and carry a big stick”
Intervened between Latin American countries and European countries ~ Acting as “international police power”

18. Roosevelt Cont.
Large debts of Latin America to Europe worried Americans
Roosevelt Corollary: U.S. would intervene in Latin American affairs to maintain economic and political stability in the western hemisphere
Addition to the Monroe Doctrine (U.S. would oppose European attempts to colonize the Western Hemisphere)
European efforts to colonize the Americas would be viewed as an act of aggression

19. Panama Canal Believed vital for U.S. prestige & economy
Spanish-American War proves military importance
Colombia refuses to give control of the land to U.S.
U.S. encourages Panama to revolt and sends warships off the coast of Columbia
U.S. recognizes Panama’s independence
Signs treaty with Panama to build canal
Yellow Fever and Malaria kill hundreds

20. William Taft Wanted less emphasis on military
Supporting Latin American Industry would bolster U.S. economy
“Dollar” Diplomacy
Policy of joining business and diplomatic interests of a country
U.S. troops sent to Nicaragua to stabilize gov., there until 1933

21. Woodrow Wilson Wilson wished to focus on domestic issues
Wanted to promote democracy, not imperialism
President of Princeton before U.S. President

22. U.S. Controlled Territories by 1917
The Phillippines
Hawaii
Guam
Samoa
Midway
The Carribean
Puerto Rico
The Virgin Islands
Cuba
The Panama Canal